SENATE BILL NO. 1149

A bill to amend 1927 PA 372, entitled

"An act to regulate and license the selling, purchasing, possessing, and carrying of certain firearms, gas ejecting devices, and electro-muscular disruption devices; to prohibit the buying, selling, or carrying of certain firearms, gas ejecting devices, and electro-muscular disruption devices without a license or other authorization; to provide for the forfeiture of firearms and electro-muscular disruption devices under certain circumstances; to provide for penalties and remedies; to provide immunity from civil liability under certain circumstances; to prescribe the powers and duties of certain state and local agencies; to prohibit certain conduct against individuals who apply for or receive a license to carry a concealed pistol; to make appropriations; to prescribe certain conditions for the appropriations; and to repeal all acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act,"

(MCL 28.421 to 28.435) by adding section 14c.

the people of the state of michigan enact:

Sec. 14c. (1) A person shall not do any of the following:

(a) Knowingly manufacture or assemble, cause to be manufactured or assembled, import, purchase, sell, offer to sell, or transfer ownership of any firearm that is not imprinted with a valid serial number.

(b) Knowingly import, purchase, sell, offer to sell, or transfer ownership of any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, unless the completed or unfinished frame or receiver is considered a firearm under 18 USC 921 and is imprinted with a valid serial number.

(c) Beginning January 1, 2025, knowingly possess a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number.

(d) Knowingly manufacture or assemble or cause to be manufactured or assembled, import, sell, offer to sell, transfer, or possess any undetectable firearm.

(e) Knowingly manufacture or assemble more than 3 firearms or completed or unfinished frames or receivers in this state in a calendar year without a license to manufacture firearms.

(f) Use a 3-dimensional printer or computer numerical control milling machine to manufacture or assemble any firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver in this state without a license to manufacture firearms.

(g) Sell, offer to sell, transfer, purchase, or receive a 3-dimensional printer or computer numerical control milling machine in a manner that knowingly or recklessly causes another person in this state to engage in conduct prohibited by subdivision (f), or in a manner that otherwise knowingly or recklessly aids, abets, promotes, or facilitates conduct prohibited by subdivision (f), if the recipient does not have a license to manufacture firearms. There is a presumption that a 3-dimensional printer or computer numerical control milling machine has the primary or intended function of manufacturing or assembling firearms or completed or unfinished frames or receivers, if the printer or machine is marketed or sold in a manner that advertises that it may be used to manufacture or assemble firearms or completed or unfinished frames or receivers, or in a manner that foreseeably promotes the printer's or machine's use in manufacturing or assembling firearms or completed or unfinished frames or receivers, regardless of whether the printer or machine is otherwise described or classified as having other functions or as a general-purpose printer or machine.

(h) Sell or transfer ownership of a firearm if any of the following:

(i) The person manufactured or assembled the firearm without a license to manufacture firearms.

(ii) The person knowingly caused the firearm to be manufactured or assembled by another person that does not have a license to manufacture firearms.

(iii) The person is aware that the firearm was manufactured or assembled by another person that does not have a license to manufacture firearms.

(i) Knowingly allow, facilitate, aid, abet, or cause the manufacture or assembling of a firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver, by a person who is legally prohibited from possessing a firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver under state or federal law.

(j) Knowingly allow, facilitate, aid, abet, or cause the manufacture or assembly of any firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number.

(2) A person who manufactures or assembles a firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver in this state and who does not have a license to manufacture firearms shall, not later than 10 days after manufacturing or assembling the firearm or frame or receiver, notify the director in a form and manner to be prescribed, and provide any identifying information concerning the firearm or frame or receiver and the owner of the firearm or frame or receiver requested by the director, including, but not limited to, the serial number of the firearm or frame or receiver.

(3) A person who violates this section is guilty of the following:

(a) For a first offense, a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for not more than 1 year, a fine of not more than $5,000.00, or both.

(b) For a second or subsequent offense, a felony punishable by imprisonment for not more than 5 years, a fine of not more than $10,000.00, or both.

(4) This section does not apply to any of the following:

(a) An antique firearm, any completed or unfinished frame or receiver of an antique firearm, or any firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver that has been rendered permanently inoperable.

(b) The sale, offer for sale, or transfer of ownership of a firearm, or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, to a law enforcement agency.

(c) The manufacture or assembly, importation, purchase, transfer, or possession of a firearm, or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, by a law enforcement agency for law enforcement purposes.

(d) The sale or transfer of ownership of a firearm, or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, to a federally licensed gunsmith, manufacturer, or importer, or to any other federal licensee authorized to serialize firearms.

(e) The manufacture or assembly, importation, purchase, or possession of a firearm, or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, by a federally licensed gunsmith, manufacturer, or importer, or by any other federal licensee authorized to serialize firearms.

(f) A member of any of the following, while on duty and acting in the scope and course of employment:

(i) The United States Armed Forces or the National Guard.

(ii) A law enforcement agency.

(iii) A forensic laboratory.

(g) A common carrier, motor carrier, air carrier, or carrier affiliated with an air carrier through common controlling interest, or an authorized agent of that carrier, when acting in the scope and course of duties incident to the receipt, processing, transportation, or delivery of property.

(h) An authorized representative of a local, state, or federal government that receives a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver as part of an authorized, voluntary buyback program in which the governmental entity is buying or receiving firearms or any completed or unfinished frames or receivers from private individuals.

(i) The possession and disposition of a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver by a person that meets all of the following:

(i) The person is not prohibited by state or federal law from possessing the firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver.

(ii) The person possessed the firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver no longer than was necessary to deliver it to a law enforcement agency for that agency's disposition according to law.

(iii) If the person is transporting the firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, the person is transporting it to a law enforcement agency in order to deliver it to the agency for the agency's disposition according to law.

(j) The possession or importation of a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver by an individual moving into this state who, not later than 90 days after moving into this state, causes the firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver to be imprinted with a valid serial number, removes the weapon from this state, or otherwise comes into compliance with this section.

(5) As used in this section:

(a) "Antique firearm" means that term as defined in 27 CFR 479.11.

(b) "Director" means the director of the department of state police or the director's designee.

(c) "Federal licensee authorized to serialize firearms" means a person, firm, corporation, or other entity that holds any valid federal license that authorizes the person, firm, corporation, or other entity to imprint serial numbers on firearms and completed or unfinished frames or receivers under 18 USC 923.

(d) "Federally licensed gunsmith, manufacturer, or importer" means a person, firm, corporation, or other entity that holds a valid gunsmith license, or license to manufacture or import firearms issued under 18 USC 923.

(e) "Frame" means that term as defined in 27 CFR 478.12.

(f) "License to manufacture firearms" means a valid license to manufacture firearms issued under 18 USC 923.

(g) "Major component" means that term as defined in 18 USC 922.

(h) "Manufacture or assemble" means to fabricate, construct, fit together component parts of, or otherwise produce a firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver, including through additive, subtractive, or other processes.

(i) "Receiver" means that term as defined in 27 CFR 478.12.

(j) "Security exemplar" means that term as defined in 18 USC 922.

(k) "3-dimensional printer" means a computer-aided manufacturing device capable of producing a 3-dimensional object from a 3-dimensional digital model through an additive manufacturing process that involves the layering of 2-dimensional cross sections formed of a resin or similar material that are fused together to form a 3-dimensional object.

(l) "Undetectable firearm" means a firearm manufactured, assembled, or otherwise comprised entirely of nonmetal substances, if 1 of the following is true:

(i) After removal of all parts except major components, the firearm is not detectable as a security exemplar by a walk-through metal detector calibrated to detect the security exemplar.

(ii) The firearm includes a major component that, if subjected to inspection by the types of X-ray machines commonly used at airports, would not generate an image that accurately depicts the shape of the component.

(m) "Unfinished frame or receiver" means a forging, casting, printing, extrusion, machined body, or similar item that does either of the following:

(i) Is designed to or may readily be completed, assembled, or otherwise converted to function as a frame or receiver.

(ii) Is marketed or sold to the public to become or be used as the frame or receiver of a functional firearm once completed, assembled, or otherwise converted.

(n) Unfinished frame or receiver does not include a component designed and intended for use in an antique firearm.

(o) "Valid serial number" means a serial number that has been imprinted by a person authorized to serialize firearms in accordance with federal law, or that has otherwise been assigned to a firearm or completed or unfinished frame or receiver in accordance with 26 USC 5842.