|
|
|
|
AN ACT
|
|
relating to the nonsubstantive revision of certain provisions of |
|
the Code of Criminal Procedure, including conforming amendments. |
|
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: |
|
ARTICLE 1. NONSUBSTANTIVE REVISION OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE |
|
CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE |
|
SECTION 1.01. Title 1, Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended by adding Chapter 18A to read as follows: |
|
|
|
CHAPTER 18A. DETECTION, INTERCEPTION, AND USE OF WIRE, ORAL, AND |
|
ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 18A.001. DEFINITIONS |
|
Art. 18A.002. NONAPPLICABILITY |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. APPLICATION FOR INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.051. JUDGE OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION |
|
Art. 18A.052. REQUEST FOR FILING OF INTERCEPTION |
|
APPLICATION |
|
Art. 18A.053. JURISDICTION |
|
Art. 18A.054. ALTERNATE JURISDICTION |
|
Art. 18A.055. APPLICATION FOR INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. ISSUANCE OF INTERCEPTION ORDER AND RELATED ORDERS |
|
Art. 18A.101. OFFENSES FOR WHICH INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
MAY BE ISSUED |
|
Art. 18A.102. JUDICIAL DETERMINATIONS REQUIRED FOR |
|
ISSUANCE OF INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.103. CONTENTS OF INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.104. LIMITATION ON COVERT ENTRY |
|
Art. 18A.105. AUTHORITY TO ISSUE CERTAIN ANCILLARY |
|
ORDERS |
|
Art. 18A.106. ORDER TO THIRD PARTY TO ASSIST WITH |
|
EXECUTION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.107. DURATION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.108. EXTENSION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.109. REPORT ON NEED FOR CONTINUED |
|
INTERCEPTION |
|
Art. 18A.110. SUBSEQUENT CRIMINAL PROSECUTION RELATED |
|
TO INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. INTERCEPTION ORDER FOR COMMUNICATION BY |
|
SPECIFIED PERSON |
|
Art. 18A.151. REQUIREMENTS REGARDING INTERCEPTION |
|
ORDER FOR COMMUNICATION BY SPECIFIED |
|
PERSON |
|
Art. 18A.152. IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.153. MOTION TO MODIFY OR QUASH INTERCEPTION |
|
ORDER |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND USE OF INTERCEPTION |
|
DEVICE |
|
Art. 18A.201. DEFINITIONS |
|
Art. 18A.202. POSSESSION AND USE OF INTERCEPTION |
|
DEVICE IN EMERGENCY SITUATION |
|
Art. 18A.203. CONSENT FOR EMERGENCY INTERCEPTION |
|
Art. 18A.204. WRITTEN ORDER AUTHORIZING INTERCEPTION |
|
Art. 18A.205. CERTAIN EVIDENCE NOT ADMISSIBLE |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. DETECTION OF CELLULAR TELEPHONE OR OTHER WIRELESS |
|
COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE IN CORRECTIONAL OR DETENTION FACILITY |
|
Art. 18A.251. DEFINITION |
|
Art. 18A.252. USE OF INTERCEPTION DEVICE BY INSPECTOR |
|
GENERAL |
|
Art. 18A.253. REPORTING USE OF INTERCEPTION DEVICE |
|
Art. 18A.254. NO EXPECTATION OF PRIVACY |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. AGENCIES AND PERSONNEL AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE |
|
INTERCEPTION DEVICES |
|
Art. 18A.301. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY AUTHORIZED |
|
TO POSSESS AND USE INTERCEPTION DEVICE |
|
Art. 18A.302. TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE |
|
INTERCEPTION DEVICE |
|
Art. 18A.303. TEXAS JUVENILE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT |
|
AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE |
|
INTERCEPTION DEVICE |
|
SUBCHAPTER H. DISCLOSURE AND USE OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS |
|
Art. 18A.351. DISCLOSURE OR USE OF INTERCEPTED |
|
COMMUNICATIONS |
|
Art. 18A.352. DISCLOSURE UNDER OATH |
|
Art. 18A.353. PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATIONS |
|
Art. 18A.354. DISCLOSURE OR USE OF INCIDENTALLY |
|
INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS |
|
Art. 18A.355. NOTICE AND DISCLOSURE OF INTERCEPTION |
|
APPLICATION, INTERCEPTION ORDER, AND |
|
INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS |
|
Art. 18A.356. NOTICE OF INTERCEPTION REQUIRED |
|
Art. 18A.357. COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE |
|
Art. 18A.358. SUPPRESSION OF CONTENTS OF INTERCEPTED |
|
COMMUNICATIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER I. USE AND DISPOSITION OF APPLICATIONS AND ORDERS |
|
Art. 18A.401. SEALING OF APPLICATION OR ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.402. CUSTODY OF APPLICATIONS AND ORDERS |
|
Art. 18A.403. DISCLOSURE OF APPLICATION OR ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.404. DESTRUCTION OF APPLICATION OR ORDER |
|
SUBCHAPTER J. CREATION, USE, AND DISPOSITION OF RECORDINGS |
|
Art. 18A.451. CREATION OF RECORDINGS |
|
Art. 18A.452. DUPLICATION OF RECORDINGS |
|
Art. 18A.453. SEALING AND CUSTODY OF RECORDINGS |
|
Art. 18A.454. DESTRUCTION OF RECORDINGS |
|
Art. 18A.455. PREREQUISITE FOR USE OR DISCLOSURE OF |
|
RECORDING IN CERTAIN PROCEEDINGS |
|
SUBCHAPTER K. VIOLATION; SANCTIONS |
|
Art. 18A.501. CONTEMPT |
|
Art. 18A.502. RECOVERY OF CIVIL DAMAGES BY AGGRIEVED |
|
PERSON |
|
Art. 18A.503. ACTION BROUGHT BY FEDERAL OR STATE |
|
GOVERNMENT; INJUNCTION; PENALTIES |
|
Art. 18A.504. GOOD FAITH DEFENSE AVAILABLE |
|
Art. 18A.505. NO CAUSE OF ACTION |
|
SUBCHAPTER L. REPORTS |
|
Art. 18A.551. REPORT OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS BY |
|
JUDGE |
|
Art. 18A.552. REPORT OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS BY |
|
PROSECUTOR |
|
Art. 18A.553. REPORT OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS BY |
|
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY |
|
CHAPTER 18A. DETECTION, INTERCEPTION, AND USE OF WIRE, ORAL, AND |
|
ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 18A.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: |
|
(1) "Access," "computer," "computer network," |
|
"computer system," and "effective consent" have the meanings |
|
assigned by Section 33.01, Penal Code. |
|
(2) "Aggrieved person" means a person who was a party |
|
to an intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communication or a |
|
person against whom the interception was directed. |
|
(3) "Aural transfer" means a transfer containing the |
|
human voice at any point between and including the point of origin |
|
and the point of reception. |
|
(4) "Communication common carrier" means a person |
|
engaged as a common carrier for hire in the transmission of wire or |
|
electronic communications. |
|
(5) "Computer trespasser" means a person who accesses |
|
a protected computer without effective consent of the owner and has |
|
no reasonable expectation of privacy in a communication transmitted |
|
to, through, or from the protected computer. The term does not |
|
include a person who accesses the protected computer under an |
|
existing contractual relationship with the owner or operator of the |
|
computer. |
|
(6) "Contents," with respect to a wire, oral, or |
|
electronic communication, includes any information concerning the |
|
substance, purport, or meaning of that communication. |
|
(7) "Covert entry" means an entry that is made into or |
|
onto premises and that, if not authorized by a court order under |
|
this chapter, would violate the Penal Code. |
|
(8) "Department" means the Department of Public Safety |
|
of the State of Texas. |
|
(9) "Director" means: |
|
(A) the public safety director of the department; |
|
or |
|
(B) if the public safety director is absent or |
|
unable to serve, the assistant director of the department. |
|
(10) "Electronic communication" means a transfer of |
|
any signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, data, or intelligence |
|
transmitted wholly or partly by a wire, radio, electromagnetic, |
|
photoelectronic, or photo-optical system. The term does not |
|
include: |
|
(A) a wire or oral communication; |
|
(B) a communication made through a tone-only |
|
paging device; or |
|
(C) a communication from a tracking device. |
|
(11) "Electronic communications service" means a |
|
service that provides to users of the service the ability to send or |
|
receive wire or electronic communications. |
|
(12) "ESN reader," "pen register," and "trap and trace |
|
device" have the meanings assigned by Article 18B.001. |
|
(13) "Intercept" means the aural or other acquisition |
|
of the contents of a wire, oral, or electronic communication |
|
through the use of an interception device. |
|
(14) "Interception device" means an electronic, |
|
mechanical, or other device that may be used for the nonconsensual |
|
interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications. The term |
|
does not include a telephone or telegraph instrument, the equipment |
|
or a facility used for the transmission of electronic |
|
communications, or a component of the equipment or a facility used |
|
for the transmission of electronic communications if the |
|
instrument, equipment, facility, or component is: |
|
(A) provided to a subscriber or user by a |
|
provider of a wire or electronic communications service in the |
|
ordinary course of the service provider's business and used by the |
|
subscriber or user in the ordinary course of the subscriber's or |
|
user's business; |
|
(B) provided by a subscriber or user for |
|
connection to the facilities of a wire or electronic communications |
|
service for use in the ordinary course of the subscriber's or user's |
|
business; |
|
(C) used by a communication common carrier in the |
|
ordinary course of the carrier's business; or |
|
(D) used by an investigative or law enforcement |
|
officer in the ordinary course of the officer's duties. |
|
(15) "Interception order" means an order authorizing |
|
the interception of a wire, oral, or electronic communication. |
|
(16) "Investigative or law enforcement officer" |
|
means: |
|
(A) an officer of this state or a political |
|
subdivision of this state who is authorized by law to investigate or |
|
make arrests for offenses described by Article 18A.101; or |
|
(B) an attorney authorized by law to prosecute or |
|
participate in the prosecution of those offenses. |
|
(17) "Judge of competent jurisdiction" means a judge |
|
described by Article 18A.051. |
|
(18) "Mobile tracking device" has the meaning assigned |
|
by Article 18B.201. |
|
(19) "Oral communication" means a communication |
|
uttered by a person exhibiting an expectation that the |
|
communication is not subject to interception under circumstances |
|
justifying that expectation. The term does not include an |
|
electronic communication. |
|
(20) "Prosecutor" means a district attorney, criminal |
|
district attorney, or county attorney performing the duties of a |
|
district attorney, with jurisdiction in the county within an |
|
administrative judicial region described by Article 18A.053. |
|
(21) "Protected computer" means a computer, computer |
|
network, or computer system that is: |
|
(A) owned by a financial institution or |
|
governmental entity; or |
|
(B) used by or for a financial institution or |
|
governmental entity, if conduct constituting an offense affects |
|
that use. |
|
(22) "Residence" means a structure or the portion of a |
|
structure used as a person's home or fixed place of habitation to |
|
which the person indicates an intent to return after a temporary |
|
absence. |
|
(23) "User" means a person who uses an electronic |
|
communications service and is authorized by the service provider to |
|
use the service. |
|
(24) "Wire communication" means an aural transfer made |
|
wholly or partly through the use of facilities for the transmission |
|
of communications by the aid of wire, cable, or other similar |
|
connection between the point of origin and the point of reception, |
|
including the use of the connection in a switching station, if those |
|
facilities are provided or operated by a person authorized to |
|
provide or operate the facilities for the transmission of |
|
communications as a communication common carrier. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 1(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) (part), |
|
(8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), (18), (21), |
|
(24), (25), (26); New.) |
|
Art. 18A.002. NONAPPLICABILITY. This chapter does not |
|
apply to conduct described as an affirmative defense under Section |
|
16.02(c), Penal Code, except as otherwise specifically provided by |
|
that section. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 17.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. APPLICATION FOR INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
Art. 18A.051. JUDGE OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION. (a) For |
|
purposes of this chapter, a judge of competent jurisdiction is a |
|
judge from the panel of nine active district judges with criminal |
|
jurisdiction who is appointed by the presiding judge of the court of |
|
criminal appeals under this article. |
|
(b) The presiding judge of the court of criminal appeals, by |
|
order filed with the clerk of that court, shall appoint one district |
|
judge from each of the administrative judicial regions of this |
|
state to serve at the presiding judge's pleasure as the judge of |
|
competent jurisdiction in that administrative judicial region. |
|
(c) The presiding judge shall fill vacancies as those |
|
vacancies occur in the same manner. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Secs. 1(7), 3(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.052. REQUEST FOR FILING OF INTERCEPTION |
|
APPLICATION. (a) The director may, based on written affidavits, |
|
request in writing that a prosecutor apply for an interception |
|
order. |
|
(b) The head of a local law enforcement agency or, if the |
|
head of the agency is absent or unable to serve, the acting head of |
|
the local law enforcement agency may, based on written affidavits, |
|
request in writing that a prosecutor apply for an interception |
|
order. |
|
(c) Before making a request under Subsection (b), the head |
|
of a local law enforcement agency must submit the request and |
|
supporting affidavits to the director. The director shall make a |
|
written finding as to whether the request and supporting affidavits |
|
establish that other investigative procedures have been attempted |
|
and have failed or those procedures reasonably appear unlikely to |
|
succeed or to be too dangerous if attempted, is feasible, is |
|
justifiable, and whether the department has the necessary resources |
|
available. |
|
(d) A prosecutor may file the application requested under |
|
Subsection (b) only after a written positive finding by the |
|
director on all of the requirements provided by Subsection (c). |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 6.) |
|
Art. 18A.053. JURISDICTION. Except as provided by Article |
|
18A.054, a judge of competent jurisdiction may act on an |
|
application for an interception order if any of the following is |
|
located in the administrative judicial region with respect to which |
|
the judge is appointed: |
|
(1) the site of: |
|
(A) the proposed interception; or |
|
(B) the interception device to be installed or |
|
monitored; |
|
(2) the communication device to be intercepted; |
|
(3) the billing, residential, or business address of |
|
the subscriber to the electronic communications service to be |
|
intercepted; |
|
(4) the headquarters of the law enforcement agency |
|
that makes the request for or will execute the interception order; |
|
or |
|
(5) the headquarters of the service provider. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 3(b).) |
|
Art. 18A.054. ALTERNATE JURISDICTION. (a) An application |
|
for an interception order may be made to the judge of competent |
|
jurisdiction in an administrative judicial region adjacent to a |
|
region described by Article 18A.053 if: |
|
(1) the judge of competent jurisdiction for the |
|
administrative judicial region described by Article 18A.053 is |
|
absent or unable to serve; or |
|
(2) exigent circumstances exist. |
|
(b) Exigent circumstances under Subsection (a)(2) do not |
|
include a denial of a previous application on the same facts and |
|
circumstances. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 3(b) (part), |
|
(c) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.055. APPLICATION FOR INTERCEPTION ORDER. (a) A |
|
prosecutor applying for an interception order must make the |
|
application in writing under oath to a judge of competent |
|
jurisdiction. |
|
(b) An application must: |
|
(1) identify the prosecutor making the application and |
|
state the prosecutor's authority to make the application; |
|
(2) identify the officer requesting the application; |
|
(3) include a complete statement of the facts and |
|
circumstances relied on by the prosecutor to justify the |
|
prosecutor's belief that an order should be issued, including: |
|
(A) details about the particular offense that has |
|
been, is being, or is about to be committed; |
|
(B) except as otherwise provided by this chapter, |
|
a particular description of the nature and location of the |
|
facilities from which or the place where the communication is to be |
|
intercepted; |
|
(C) a particular description of the type of |
|
communication sought to be intercepted; and |
|
(D) the identity of the person, if known, |
|
committing the offense and whose communications are to be |
|
intercepted; |
|
(4) include a complete statement as to whether other |
|
investigative procedures have been attempted and have failed or why |
|
those procedures reasonably appear to be unlikely to succeed or to |
|
be too dangerous if attempted; |
|
(5) include a statement of the period for which the |
|
interception is required to be maintained and, if the nature of the |
|
investigation indicates that the interception order should not |
|
automatically terminate when the described type of communication is |
|
first obtained, a particular description of facts establishing |
|
probable cause to believe that additional communications of the |
|
same type will occur after the described type of communication is |
|
obtained; |
|
(6) include a statement whether a covert entry will be |
|
necessary to properly and safely install wiretapping, electronic |
|
surveillance, or eavesdropping equipment and, if a covert entry is |
|
requested, a statement as to why a covert entry is necessary and |
|
proper under the facts of the particular investigation, including a |
|
complete statement as to whether other investigative techniques |
|
have been attempted and have failed or why those techniques |
|
reasonably appear to be unlikely to succeed or to be too dangerous |
|
if attempted or are not feasible under the circumstances or |
|
exigencies of time; |
|
(7) include a complete statement of the facts |
|
concerning all applications known to the prosecutor that have been |
|
previously made to a judge for an interception order involving any |
|
persons, facilities, or places specified in the application and of |
|
the action taken by the judge on each application; |
|
(8) if the application is for the extension of an |
|
order, include a statement providing the results already obtained |
|
from the interception or a reasonable explanation of the failure to |
|
obtain results; and |
|
(9) if the application is made under Article 18A.054, |
|
fully explain the circumstances justifying application under that |
|
article. |
|
(c) In an ex parte hearing in chambers, the judge may |
|
require additional testimony or documentary evidence to support the |
|
application. The testimony or documentary evidence must be |
|
preserved as part of the application. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.20, Secs. 3(c) (part), 8.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. ISSUANCE OF INTERCEPTION ORDER AND RELATED ORDERS |
|
Art. 18A.101. OFFENSES FOR WHICH INTERCEPTION ORDER MAY BE |
|
ISSUED. A judge of competent jurisdiction may issue an |
|
interception order only if the prosecutor applying for the order |
|
shows probable cause to believe that the interception will provide |
|
evidence of the commission of: |
|
(1) a felony under any of the following provisions of |
|
the Health and Safety Code: |
|
(A) Chapter 481, other than felony possession of |
|
marihuana; |
|
(B) Chapter 483; or |
|
(C) Section 485.032; |
|
(2) an offense under any of the following provisions |
|
of the Penal Code: |
|
(A) Section 19.02; |
|
(B) Section 19.03; |
|
(C) Section 20.03; |
|
(D) Section 20.04; |
|
(E) Chapter 20A; |
|
(F) Chapter 34, if the criminal activity giving |
|
rise to the proceeds involves the commission of an offense under |
|
Title 5, Penal Code, or an offense under federal law or the laws of |
|
another state containing elements that are substantially similar to |
|
the elements of an offense under Title 5; |
|
(G) Section 38.11; |
|
(H) Section 43.04; |
|
(I) Section 43.05; or |
|
(J) Section 43.26; or |
|
(3) an attempt, conspiracy, or solicitation to commit |
|
an offense listed in Subdivision (1) or (2). (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.20, Sec. 4.) |
|
Art. 18A.102. JUDICIAL DETERMINATIONS REQUIRED FOR |
|
ISSUANCE OF INTERCEPTION ORDER. On receipt of an application under |
|
Subchapter B, the judge may issue an ex parte interception order, as |
|
requested or as modified, if the judge determines from the evidence |
|
submitted by the prosecutor that: |
|
(1) there is probable cause to believe that a person is |
|
committing, has committed, or is about to commit a particular |
|
offense described by Article 18A.101; |
|
(2) there is probable cause to believe that particular |
|
communications concerning that offense will be obtained through the |
|
interception; |
|
(3) normal investigative procedures have been |
|
attempted and have failed or reasonably appear to be unlikely to |
|
succeed or to be too dangerous if attempted; |
|
(4) there is probable cause to believe that the |
|
facilities from which or the place where the wire, oral, or |
|
electronic communications are to be intercepted is being used or is |
|
about to be used in connection with the commission of an offense or |
|
is leased to, listed in the name of, or commonly used by the person; |
|
and |
|
(5) a covert entry is or is not necessary to properly |
|
and safely install the wiretapping, electronic surveillance, or |
|
eavesdropping equipment. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 9(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.103. CONTENTS OF INTERCEPTION ORDER. (a) An |
|
interception order must specify: |
|
(1) the identity of the person, if known, whose |
|
communications are to be intercepted; |
|
(2) except as otherwise provided by this chapter, the |
|
nature and location of the communications facilities as to which or |
|
the place where authority to intercept is granted; |
|
(3) a particular description of the type of |
|
communication sought to be intercepted and a statement of the |
|
particular offense to which the communication relates; |
|
(4) the identity of the officer making the request and |
|
the identity of the prosecutor; |
|
(5) the period during which the interception is |
|
authorized, including a statement of whether the interception will |
|
automatically terminate when the described communication is first |
|
obtained; and |
|
(6) whether a covert entry or surreptitious entry is |
|
necessary to properly and safely install wiretapping, electronic |
|
surveillance, or eavesdropping equipment. |
|
(b) Each interception order and extension of that order must |
|
provide that the authorization to intercept be executed as soon as |
|
practicable, be conducted in a way that minimizes the interception |
|
of communications not otherwise subject to interception under this |
|
chapter, and terminate on obtaining the authorized objective or |
|
within 30 days, whichever occurs sooner. |
|
(c) For purposes of Subsection (b), if the intercepted |
|
communication is in code or a foreign language and an expert in that |
|
code or language is not reasonably available during the period of |
|
interception, minimization may be accomplished as soon as |
|
practicable after the interception. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Secs. 9(b), (d) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.104. LIMITATION ON COVERT ENTRY. (a) An |
|
interception order may not authorize a covert entry for the purpose |
|
of intercepting an oral communication unless: |
|
(1) the judge, in addition to making the |
|
determinations required under Article 18A.102, determines: |
|
(A) that: |
|
(i) the premises into or onto which the |
|
covert entry is authorized or the person whose communications are |
|
to be obtained has been the subject of a pen register previously |
|
authorized in connection with the same investigation; |
|
(ii) the premises into or onto which the |
|
covert entry is authorized or the person whose communications are |
|
to be obtained has been the subject of an interception of wire or |
|
electronic communications previously authorized in connection with |
|
the same investigation; and |
|
(iii) the procedures under Subparagraphs |
|
(i) and (ii) have failed; or |
|
(B) that the procedures under Paragraph (A) |
|
reasonably appear to be unlikely to succeed or to be too dangerous |
|
if attempted or are not feasible under the circumstances or |
|
exigencies of time; and |
|
(2) the interception order, in addition to the matters |
|
required to be specified under Article 18A.103(a), specifies that: |
|
(A) the covert entry is for the purpose of |
|
intercepting oral communications of two or more persons; and |
|
(B) there is probable cause to believe that the |
|
persons described by Paragraph (A) are committing, have committed, |
|
or are about to commit a particular offense described by Article |
|
18A.101. |
|
(b) An interception order may not authorize a covert entry |
|
into a residence solely for the purpose of intercepting a wire or |
|
electronic communication. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. |
|
9(e), (f).) |
|
Art. 18A.105. AUTHORITY TO ISSUE CERTAIN ANCILLARY ORDERS. |
|
An interception order may include an order to: |
|
(1) install or use a pen register, ESN reader, trap and |
|
trace device, or mobile tracking device or similar equipment that |
|
combines the function of a pen register and trap and trace device; |
|
or |
|
(2) disclose a stored communication, information |
|
subject to an administrative subpoena, or information subject to |
|
access under Chapter 18B. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 9(c) |
|
(part).) |
|
Art. 18A.106. ORDER TO THIRD PARTY TO ASSIST WITH EXECUTION |
|
OF INTERCEPTION ORDER. (a) On request of the prosecutor applying |
|
for an interception order, the judge may issue a separate order |
|
directing a provider of a wire or electronic communications |
|
service, communication common carrier, landlord, custodian, or |
|
other person to provide to the prosecutor all information, |
|
facilities, and technical assistance necessary to accomplish the |
|
interception unobtrusively and with a minimum of interference with |
|
the services that the service provider, carrier, landlord, |
|
custodian, or other person is providing the person whose |
|
communications are to be intercepted. |
|
(b) A provider of a wire or electronic communications |
|
service, communication common carrier, landlord, custodian, or |
|
other person that provides facilities or technical assistance under |
|
an order described by Subsection (a) is entitled to compensation, |
|
at the prevailing rates, by the prosecutor for reasonable expenses |
|
incurred in providing the facilities or assistance. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 9(c) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.107. DURATION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER. An |
|
interception order may not authorize the interception of a |
|
communication for a period that: |
|
(1) is longer than is necessary to achieve the |
|
objective of the authorization; or |
|
(2) exceeds 30 days. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Sec. 9(d) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.108. EXTENSION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER. (a) A judge |
|
who issues an interception order may grant extensions of the order. |
|
(b) An extension of an interception order may be granted |
|
only if: |
|
(1) an application for an extension is made in |
|
accordance with Article 18A.055; and |
|
(2) the judge makes the findings required by Article |
|
18A.102. |
|
(c) The period of extension may not: |
|
(1) be longer than the judge considers necessary to |
|
achieve the purposes for which the extension is granted; or |
|
(2) exceed 30 days. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Sec. 9(d) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.109. REPORT ON NEED FOR CONTINUED INTERCEPTION. |
|
(a) An interception order may require reports to the judge who |
|
issued the order that show any progress toward achieving the |
|
authorized objective and the need for continued interception. |
|
(b) Reports under this article must be made at any interval |
|
the judge requires. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 9(g).) |
|
Art. 18A.110. SUBSEQUENT CRIMINAL PROSECUTION RELATED TO |
|
INTERCEPTION ORDER. A judge who issues an interception order may |
|
not hear a criminal prosecution in which: |
|
(1) evidence derived from the interception may be |
|
used; or |
|
(2) the order may be an issue. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.20, Sec. 9(h).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. INTERCEPTION ORDER FOR COMMUNICATION BY |
|
SPECIFIED PERSON |
|
Art. 18A.151. REQUIREMENTS REGARDING INTERCEPTION ORDER |
|
FOR COMMUNICATION BY SPECIFIED PERSON. The requirements of |
|
Articles 18A.055(b)(3)(B) and 18A.103(a)(2) relating to the |
|
specification of the facilities from which or the place where a |
|
communication is to be intercepted do not apply if: |
|
(1) in the case of an application for an interception |
|
order that authorizes the interception of an oral communication: |
|
(A) the application contains a complete |
|
statement as to why the specification is not practical and |
|
identifies the person committing or believed to be committing the |
|
offense and whose communications are to be intercepted; and |
|
(B) a judge of competent jurisdiction finds that |
|
the specification is not practical; or |
|
(2) in the case of an application for an interception |
|
order that authorizes the interception of a wire or electronic |
|
communication: |
|
(A) the application identifies the person |
|
committing or believed to be committing the offense and whose |
|
communications are to be intercepted; |
|
(B) a judge of competent jurisdiction finds that |
|
the prosecutor has made an adequate showing of probable cause to |
|
believe that the actions of the person identified in the |
|
application could have the effect of preventing interception from a |
|
specified facility; and |
|
(C) the authority to intercept a wire or |
|
electronic communication under the interception order is limited to |
|
a period in which it is reasonable to presume that the person |
|
identified in the application will be reasonably proximate to the |
|
interception device. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 9A(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.152. IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERCEPTION ORDER. A |
|
person implementing an interception order that authorizes the |
|
interception of an oral communication and that, as permitted by |
|
this subchapter, does not specify the facility from which or the |
|
place where a communication is to be intercepted may begin |
|
interception only after the person ascertains the place where the |
|
communication is to be intercepted. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Sec. 9A(b).) |
|
Art. 18A.153. MOTION TO MODIFY OR QUASH INTERCEPTION ORDER. |
|
(a) A provider of a wire or electronic communications service that |
|
receives an interception order that authorizes the interception of |
|
a wire or electronic communication and that, as permitted by this |
|
subchapter, does not specify the facility from which or the place |
|
where a communication is to be intercepted may move the court to |
|
modify or quash the order on the ground that the service provider's |
|
assistance with respect to the interception cannot be performed in |
|
a timely or reasonable manner. |
|
(b) On notice to the state, the court shall decide the |
|
motion expeditiously. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 9A(c).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND USE OF INTERCEPTION |
|
DEVICE |
|
Art. 18A.201. DEFINITIONS. In this subchapter: |
|
(1) "Immediate life-threatening situation" means a |
|
hostage, barricade, or other emergency situation in which a person |
|
unlawfully and directly: |
|
(A) threatens another with death; or |
|
(B) exposes another to a substantial risk of |
|
serious bodily injury. |
|
(2) "Member of a law enforcement unit specially |
|
trained to respond to and deal with life-threatening situations" |
|
means a peace officer who, as evidenced by the submission of |
|
appropriate documentation to the Texas Commission on Law |
|
Enforcement: |
|
(A) receives each year a minimum of 40 hours of |
|
training in hostage and barricade suspect situations; or |
|
(B) has received a minimum of 24 hours of |
|
training on kidnapping investigations and is: |
|
(i) the sheriff of a county with a |
|
population of 3.3 million or more or the sheriff's designee; or |
|
(ii) the police chief of a police |
|
department in a municipality with a population of 500,000 or more or |
|
the chief's designee. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 1(22), |
|
(23).) |
|
Art. 18A.202. POSSESSION AND USE OF INTERCEPTION DEVICE IN |
|
EMERGENCY SITUATION. (a) The prosecutor in a county in which an |
|
interception device is to be installed or used shall designate in |
|
writing each peace officer in the county, other than a commissioned |
|
officer of the department, who is: |
|
(1) a member of a law enforcement unit specially |
|
trained to respond to and deal with life-threatening situations; |
|
and |
|
(2) authorized to possess an interception device and |
|
responsible for the installation, operation, and monitoring of the |
|
device in an immediate life-threatening situation. |
|
(b) A peace officer designated under Subsection (a) or |
|
Article 18A.301(c) may possess, install, operate, or monitor an |
|
interception device if the officer: |
|
(1) reasonably believes an immediate life-threatening |
|
situation exists that: |
|
(A) is within the territorial jurisdiction of the |
|
officer or another officer the officer is assisting; and |
|
(B) requires interception of communications |
|
before an interception order can, with due diligence, be obtained |
|
under this subchapter; |
|
(2) reasonably believes there are sufficient grounds |
|
under this subchapter on which to obtain an interception order; and |
|
(3) before beginning the interception, obtains oral or |
|
written consent to the interception from: |
|
(A) a judge of competent jurisdiction; |
|
(B) a district judge for the county in which the |
|
device will be installed or used; or |
|
(C) a judge or justice of a court of appeals or of |
|
a higher court. |
|
(c) If a peace officer installs or uses an interception |
|
device under Subsection (b), the officer shall: |
|
(1) promptly report the installation or use to the |
|
prosecutor in the county in which the device is installed or used; |
|
and |
|
(2) within 48 hours after the installation is complete |
|
or the interception begins, whichever occurs first, obtain a |
|
written interception order from a judge of competent jurisdiction. |
|
(d) A peace officer may certify to a communication common |
|
carrier that the officer is acting lawfully under this subchapter. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 8A(a), (b), (d), (g).) |
|
Art. 18A.203. CONSENT FOR EMERGENCY INTERCEPTION. (a) An |
|
official described by Article 18A.202(b)(3) may give oral or |
|
written consent to the interception of communications under this |
|
subchapter to provide evidence of the commission of a felony, or of |
|
a threat, attempt, or conspiracy to commit a felony, in an immediate |
|
life-threatening situation. |
|
(b) Oral or written consent given under this subchapter |
|
expires on the earlier of: |
|
(1) 48 hours after the grant of consent; or |
|
(2) the conclusion of the emergency justifying the |
|
interception. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 8A(c).) |
|
Art. 18A.204. WRITTEN ORDER AUTHORIZING INTERCEPTION. (a) |
|
A judge of competent jurisdiction under Article 18A.051 or under |
|
Article 18A.202(b) may issue a written interception order under |
|
this subchapter during the 48-hour period prescribed by Article |
|
18A.202(c)(2). |
|
(b) A written interception order under this subchapter |
|
expires on the earlier of: |
|
(1) the 30th day after the date of execution of the |
|
order; or |
|
(2) the conclusion of the emergency that initially |
|
justified the interception. |
|
(c) If an interception order is denied or is not issued |
|
within the 48-hour period, the officer shall terminate use of and |
|
remove the interception device promptly on the earlier of: |
|
(1) the denial; |
|
(2) the end of the emergency that initially justified |
|
the interception; or |
|
(3) the expiration of 48 hours. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.20, Sec. 8A(e).) |
|
Art. 18A.205. CERTAIN EVIDENCE NOT ADMISSIBLE. The state |
|
may not use as evidence in a criminal proceeding information gained |
|
through the use of an interception device installed under this |
|
subchapter if authorization for the device is not sought or is |
|
sought but not obtained. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Secs. 8A(b) (part), (f).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. DETECTION OF CELLULAR TELEPHONE OR OTHER WIRELESS |
|
COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE IN CORRECTIONAL OR DETENTION FACILITY |
|
Art. 18A.251. DEFINITION. In this subchapter, |
|
"correctional facility" means: |
|
(1) a place described by Section 1.07(a)(14), Penal |
|
Code; or |
|
(2) a "secure correctional facility" or "secure |
|
detention facility" as defined by Section 51.02, Family Code. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 8B(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.252. USE OF INTERCEPTION DEVICE BY INSPECTOR |
|
GENERAL. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter |
|
or Chapter 18B, the office of inspector general of the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice may: |
|
(1) without a warrant, use an interception device to |
|
detect the presence or use of a cellular telephone or other wireless |
|
communications device in a correctional facility; |
|
(2) without a warrant, intercept, monitor, detect, or, |
|
as authorized by applicable federal laws and regulations, prevent |
|
the transmission of a communication through a cellular telephone or |
|
other wireless communications device in a correctional facility; |
|
and |
|
(3) use, to the extent authorized by law, any |
|
information obtained under Subdivision (2), including the contents |
|
of an intercepted communication, in a criminal or civil proceeding |
|
before a court or other governmental agency or entity. |
|
(b) When using an interception device under Subsection (a), |
|
the office of inspector general shall minimize the impact of the |
|
device on a communication that is not reasonably related to the |
|
detection of the presence or use of a cellular telephone or other |
|
wireless communications device in a correctional facility. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 8B(b), (d).) |
|
Art. 18A.253. REPORTING USE OF INTERCEPTION DEVICE. Not |
|
later than the 30th day after the date on which the office of |
|
inspector general uses an interception device under Article |
|
18A.252(a), the inspector general shall report the use of the |
|
device to: |
|
(1) a prosecutor with jurisdiction in the county in |
|
which the device was used; or |
|
(2) the special prosecution unit established under |
|
Subchapter E, Chapter 41, Government Code, if that unit has |
|
jurisdiction in the county in which the device was used. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 8B(c).) |
|
Art. 18A.254. NO EXPECTATION OF PRIVACY. (a) A person |
|
confined in a correctional facility does not have an expectation of |
|
privacy with respect to the possession or use of a cellular |
|
telephone or other wireless communications device located on the |
|
premises of the facility. |
|
(b) A person confined in a correctional facility, and any |
|
person with whom the confined person communicates through the use |
|
of a cellular telephone or other wireless communications device, |
|
does not have an expectation of privacy with respect to the contents |
|
of a communication transmitted by the telephone or device. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 8B(e).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. AGENCIES AND PERSONNEL AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE |
|
INTERCEPTION DEVICES |
|
Art. 18A.301. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY AUTHORIZED TO |
|
POSSESS AND USE INTERCEPTION DEVICE. (a) Except as otherwise |
|
provided by this subchapter and Subchapters E and F, only the |
|
department is authorized by this chapter to own, possess, install, |
|
operate, or monitor an interception device. |
|
(b) An investigative or law enforcement officer or other |
|
person may assist the department in the operation and monitoring of |
|
an interception of wire, oral, or electronic communications if the |
|
officer or other person: |
|
(1) is designated by the director for that purpose; |
|
and |
|
(2) acts in the presence and under the direction of a |
|
commissioned officer of the department. |
|
(c) The director shall designate in writing the |
|
commissioned officers of the department who are responsible for the |
|
possession, installation, operation, and monitoring of |
|
interception devices for the department. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.20, Secs. 5(a), (b).) |
|
Art. 18A.302. TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS AND USE INTERCEPTION DEVICE. (a) The Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice may own an interception device for a |
|
use or purpose authorized by Section 500.008, Government Code. |
|
(b) The inspector general of the Texas Department of |
|
Criminal Justice, a commissioned officer of that office, or a |
|
person acting in the presence and under the direction of the |
|
commissioned officer may possess, install, operate, or monitor the |
|
interception device as provided by Section 500.008, Government |
|
Code. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 5(c).) |
|
Art. 18A.303. TEXAS JUVENILE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AUTHORIZED |
|
TO POSSESS AND USE INTERCEPTION DEVICE. (a) The Texas Juvenile |
|
Justice Department may own an interception device for a use or |
|
purpose authorized by Section 242.103, Human Resources Code. |
|
(b) The inspector general of the Texas Juvenile Justice |
|
Department, a commissioned officer of that office, or a person |
|
acting in the presence and under the direction of the commissioned |
|
officer may possess, install, operate, or monitor the interception |
|
device as provided by Section 242.103, Human Resources Code. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 5(d).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER H. DISCLOSURE AND USE OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS |
|
Art. 18A.351. DISCLOSURE OR USE OF INTERCEPTED |
|
COMMUNICATIONS. An investigative or law enforcement officer who, |
|
by means authorized by this chapter, obtains knowledge of the |
|
contents of a wire, oral, or electronic communication or evidence |
|
derived from the communication may: |
|
(1) use the contents or evidence to the extent the use |
|
is appropriate to the proper performance of the officer's official |
|
duties; or |
|
(2) disclose the contents or evidence to another |
|
investigative or law enforcement officer, including a law |
|
enforcement officer or agent of the United States or of another |
|
state, to the extent that the disclosure is appropriate to the |
|
proper performance of the official duties of the officer making or |
|
receiving the disclosure. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Secs. 7(a), (b).) |
|
Art. 18A.352. DISCLOSURE UNDER OATH. A person who |
|
receives, by means authorized by this chapter, information |
|
concerning a wire, oral, or electronic communication or evidence |
|
derived from a communication intercepted in accordance with this |
|
chapter may disclose the contents of that communication or evidence |
|
while giving testimony under oath in any proceeding held under the |
|
authority of the United States, this state, or a political |
|
subdivision of this state. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Sec. 7(c).) |
|
Art. 18A.353. PRIVILEGED COMMUNICATIONS. (a) An otherwise |
|
privileged wire, oral, or electronic communication intercepted in |
|
accordance with, or in violation of, this chapter does not lose its |
|
privileged character. |
|
(b) Evidence derived from a privileged communication |
|
described by Subsection (a) against a party to that communication |
|
is privileged. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 7(d).) |
|
Art. 18A.354. DISCLOSURE OR USE OF INCIDENTALLY INTERCEPTED |
|
COMMUNICATIONS. (a) This article applies only to the contents of |
|
and evidence derived from wire, oral, or electronic communications |
|
that: |
|
(1) are intercepted by an investigative or law |
|
enforcement officer while engaged in intercepting wire, oral, or |
|
electronic communications in a manner authorized by this chapter; |
|
and |
|
(2) relate to offenses other than those specified by |
|
the interception order. |
|
(b) The contents of and evidence derived from a |
|
communication described by Subsection (a) may be disclosed or used |
|
as provided by Article 18A.351. |
|
(c) The contents of and evidence derived from a |
|
communication described by Subsection (a) may be used under Article |
|
18A.352 when authorized by a judge of competent jurisdiction if the |
|
judge finds, on subsequent application, that the contents were |
|
otherwise intercepted in accordance with this chapter. |
|
(d) An application under Subsection (c) must be made as soon |
|
as practicable. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 7(e).) |
|
Art. 18A.355. NOTICE AND DISCLOSURE OF INTERCEPTION |
|
APPLICATION, INTERCEPTION ORDER, AND INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS. |
|
(a) Within a reasonable period but not later than the 90th day |
|
after the date an application for an interception order is denied or |
|
after the date an interception order or the last extension, if any, |
|
expires, the judge who granted or denied the application shall |
|
cause to be served on each person named in the order or application |
|
and any other party to an intercepted communication, if any, an |
|
inventory that must include notice of: |
|
(1) the application or the issuance of the order; |
|
(2) the date of denial of the application, or the date |
|
of the issuance of the order and the authorized interception |
|
period; and |
|
(3) whether during any authorized interception period |
|
wire, oral, or electronic communications were intercepted. |
|
(b) The judge may, on motion, make available for inspection |
|
to a person or the person's counsel any portion of an intercepted |
|
communication, application, or order that the judge determines to |
|
disclose to that person in the interest of justice. |
|
(c) On an ex parte showing of good cause to the judge, the |
|
serving of the inventory required under Subsection (a) may be |
|
postponed. |
|
(d) Evidence derived from an order under this chapter may |
|
not be disclosed in a trial until after the inventory has been |
|
served. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 13.) |
|
Art. 18A.356. NOTICE OF INTERCEPTION REQUIRED. (a) The |
|
contents of an intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communication |
|
or evidence derived from the communication may not be received in |
|
evidence or otherwise disclosed in a trial, hearing, or other |
|
proceeding in a federal or state court unless each party, not later |
|
than the 10th day before the date of the trial, hearing, or other |
|
proceeding, has been provided with a copy of the interception order |
|
and application under which the interception was authorized. |
|
(b) The judge may waive the 10-day period described by |
|
Subsection (a) on a finding that: |
|
(1) it is not possible to provide the party with the |
|
information 10 days before the trial, hearing, or proceeding; and |
|
(2) the party will not be prejudiced by the delay in |
|
receiving the information. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. |
|
14(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.357. COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED IN EVIDENCE. (a) |
|
The contents of an intercepted communication and evidence derived |
|
from the communication may be received in evidence in any trial, |
|
hearing, or other proceeding in or before any court, grand jury, |
|
department, officer, agency, regulatory body, legislative |
|
committee, or other authority of the United States, this state, or a |
|
political subdivision of this state unless: |
|
(1) the communication was intercepted in violation of |
|
this chapter, Section 16.02, Penal Code, or federal law; or |
|
(2) the disclosure of the contents of the |
|
communication or evidence derived from the communication would |
|
violate a law described by Subdivision (1). |
|
(b) The contents of an intercepted communication and |
|
evidence derived from the communication may be received in a civil |
|
trial, hearing, or other proceeding only if the civil trial, |
|
hearing, or other proceeding arises out of a violation of a penal |
|
law. |
|
(c) This article does not prohibit the use or admissibility |
|
of the contents of an intercepted communication or evidence derived |
|
from the communication if the communication was intercepted in a |
|
jurisdiction outside this state in compliance with the law of that |
|
jurisdiction. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 2.) |
|
Art. 18A.358. SUPPRESSION OF CONTENTS OF INTERCEPTED |
|
COMMUNICATIONS. (a) An aggrieved person charged with an offense in |
|
a trial, hearing, or proceeding in or before a court, department, |
|
officer, agency, regulatory body, or other authority of the United |
|
States, this state, or a political subdivision of this state may |
|
move to suppress the contents of an intercepted wire, oral, or |
|
electronic communication or evidence derived from the |
|
communication on the ground that: |
|
(1) the communication was unlawfully intercepted; |
|
(2) the interception order is insufficient on its |
|
face; or |
|
(3) the interception was not made in conformity with |
|
the interception order. |
|
(b) A person identified by a party to an intercepted wire, |
|
oral, or electronic communication during the course of that |
|
communication may move to suppress the contents of the |
|
communication on: |
|
(1) a ground provided under Subsection (a); or |
|
(2) the ground that the harm to the person resulting |
|
from the person's identification in court exceeds the value to the |
|
prosecution of the disclosure of the contents. |
|
(c) The motion to suppress must be made before the trial, |
|
hearing, or proceeding unless: |
|
(1) there was not an opportunity to make the motion; or |
|
(2) the aggrieved person was not aware of the grounds |
|
of the motion. |
|
(d) The hearing on the motion to suppress shall be held in |
|
camera on the written request of the aggrieved person. |
|
(e) If the motion to suppress is granted, the contents of |
|
the intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communication and |
|
evidence derived from the communication shall be treated as having |
|
been obtained in violation of this chapter. |
|
(f) The judge, on the filing of the motion to suppress by the |
|
aggrieved person, shall make available to the aggrieved person or |
|
the person's counsel for inspection any portion of the intercepted |
|
communication or evidence derived from the communication that the |
|
judge determines to make available in the interest of justice. |
|
(g) A judge of this state, on hearing a pretrial motion |
|
regarding conversations intercepted by wire in accordance with this |
|
chapter, or who otherwise becomes informed that there exists on |
|
such an intercepted wire, oral, or electronic communication |
|
identification of a specific individual who is not a suspect or a |
|
party to the subject of interception shall: |
|
(1) give notice and an opportunity to be heard on the |
|
matter of suppression of references to that individual if |
|
identification is sufficient to give notice; or |
|
(2) suppress references to that individual if |
|
identification is: |
|
(A) sufficient to potentially cause |
|
embarrassment or harm that outweighs the probative value, if any, |
|
of the mention of that individual; and |
|
(B) insufficient to require the notice under |
|
Subdivision (1). (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 14(b), (c), |
|
(d), (e).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER I. USE AND DISPOSITION OF APPLICATIONS AND ORDERS |
|
Art. 18A.401. SEALING OF APPLICATION OR ORDER. The judge |
|
shall seal each application made and order issued under this |
|
chapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 11 (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.402. CUSTODY OF APPLICATIONS AND ORDERS. Custody |
|
of applications and orders issued under this chapter shall be |
|
wherever the judge directs. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 11 |
|
(part).) |
|
Art. 18A.403. DISCLOSURE OF APPLICATION OR ORDER. An |
|
application made or order issued under this chapter may be |
|
disclosed only on a showing of good cause before a judge of |
|
competent jurisdiction. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 11 |
|
(part).) |
|
Art. 18A.404. DESTRUCTION OF APPLICATION OR ORDER. An |
|
application made or order issued under this chapter may be |
|
destroyed only on or after the 10th anniversary of the date the |
|
application or order was sealed and only if the judge of competent |
|
jurisdiction for the administrative judicial region in which the |
|
application was made or the order was issued orders the |
|
destruction. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 11 (part).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER J. CREATION, USE, AND DISPOSITION OF RECORDINGS |
|
Art. 18A.451. CREATION OF RECORDINGS. The contents of a |
|
wire, oral, or electronic communication intercepted by means |
|
authorized by this chapter shall be recorded on tape, wire, or other |
|
comparable device in a way that protects the recording from editing |
|
or other alterations. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 10(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.452. DUPLICATION OF RECORDINGS. Recordings under |
|
Article 18A.451 may be duplicated for use or disclosure under |
|
Article 18A.351 for investigations. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, |
|
Sec. 10(c).) |
|
Art. 18A.453. SEALING AND CUSTODY OF RECORDINGS. (a) |
|
Immediately on the expiration of the period of an interception |
|
order and all extensions, if any, the recordings under Article |
|
18A.451 shall be: |
|
(1) made available to the judge issuing the order; and |
|
(2) sealed under the judge's directions. |
|
(b) Custody of the recordings shall be wherever the judge |
|
orders. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 10(b) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.454. DESTRUCTION OF RECORDINGS. A recording under |
|
Article 18A.451 may be destroyed only on or after the 10th |
|
anniversary of the date of expiration of the interception order and |
|
the last extension, if any, and only if the judge of competent |
|
jurisdiction for the administrative judicial region in which the |
|
interception was authorized orders the destruction. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 10(b) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.455. PREREQUISITE FOR USE OR DISCLOSURE OF |
|
RECORDING IN CERTAIN PROCEEDINGS. The presence of the seal |
|
required by Article 18A.453(a) or a satisfactory explanation of the |
|
seal's absence is a prerequisite for the use or disclosure of the |
|
contents of a wire, oral, or electronic communication or evidence |
|
derived from the communication under Article 18A.352. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 10(d).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER K. VIOLATION; SANCTIONS |
|
Art. 18A.501. CONTEMPT. A violation of Subchapter I or J |
|
may be punished as contempt of court. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.20, Sec. 12.) |
|
Art. 18A.502. RECOVERY OF CIVIL DAMAGES BY AGGRIEVED |
|
PERSON. A person whose wire, oral, or electronic communication is |
|
intercepted, disclosed, or used in violation of this chapter or |
|
Chapter 16, Penal Code: |
|
(1) has a civil cause of action against any person who |
|
intercepts, discloses, or uses or solicits another person to |
|
intercept, disclose, or use the communication; and |
|
(2) is entitled to recover from the person: |
|
(A) actual damages but not less than liquidated |
|
damages computed at a rate of $100 for each day the violation occurs |
|
or $1,000, whichever is higher; |
|
(B) punitive damages; and |
|
(C) reasonable attorney's fees and other |
|
litigation costs reasonably incurred. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.20, Sec. 16(a).) |
|
Art. 18A.503. ACTION BROUGHT BY FEDERAL OR STATE |
|
GOVERNMENT; INJUNCTION; PENALTIES. (a) A person is subject to suit |
|
by the federal or state government in a court of competent |
|
jurisdiction for appropriate injunctive relief if the person |
|
engages in conduct that: |
|
(1) constitutes an offense under Section 16.05, Penal |
|
Code, but is not for a tortious or illegal purpose or for the |
|
purpose of direct or indirect commercial advantage or private |
|
commercial gain; and |
|
(2) involves a radio communication that is: |
|
(A) transmitted on frequencies allocated under |
|
Subpart D of Part 74 of the rules of the Federal Communications |
|
Commission; and |
|
(B) not scrambled or encrypted. |
|
(b) The attorney general or the county or district attorney |
|
of the county in which the conduct described by Subsection (a) is |
|
occurring may file suit under that subsection on behalf of the |
|
state. |
|
(c) A defendant is liable for a civil penalty of $500 if it |
|
is shown at the trial of the civil suit brought under Subsection (a) |
|
that the defendant has been: |
|
(1) convicted of an offense under Section 16.05, Penal |
|
Code; or |
|
(2) found liable in a civil action brought under |
|
Article 18A.502. |
|
(d) Each violation of an injunction ordered under |
|
Subsection (a) is punishable by a fine of $500. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.20, Secs. 16(c), (d), (e), (f).) |
|
Art. 18A.504. GOOD FAITH DEFENSE AVAILABLE. A good faith |
|
reliance on a court order or legislative authorization constitutes |
|
a complete defense to an action brought under Article 18A.502 or |
|
18A.503. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 16(b).) |
|
Art. 18A.505. NO CAUSE OF ACTION. A computer trespasser or |
|
a user, aggrieved person, subscriber, or customer of a |
|
communication common carrier or provider of an electronic |
|
communications service does not have a cause of action against the |
|
carrier or service provider, the officers, employees, or agents of |
|
the carrier or service provider, or other specified persons for |
|
providing information, facilities, or assistance as required by a |
|
good faith reliance on: |
|
(1) legislative authority; or |
|
(2) a court order, warrant, subpoena, or certification |
|
under this chapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 16(g).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER L. REPORTS |
|
Art. 18A.551. REPORT OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS BY |
|
JUDGE. (a) Within 30 days after the date an interception order or |
|
the last extension, if any, expires or after the denial of an |
|
interception order, the issuing or denying judge shall report to |
|
the Administrative Office of the United States Courts: |
|
(1) the fact that an order or extension was applied |
|
for; |
|
(2) the kind of order or extension applied for; |
|
(3) the fact that the order or extension was granted as |
|
applied for, was modified, or was denied; |
|
(4) the period of interceptions authorized by the |
|
order and the number and duration of any extensions of the order; |
|
(5) the offense specified in the order or application |
|
or extension; |
|
(6) the identity of the requesting officer and the |
|
prosecutor; and |
|
(7) the nature of the facilities from which or the |
|
place where communications were to be intercepted. |
|
(b) A judge required to file a report under this article |
|
shall forward a copy of the report to the director. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 15(a), (c) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.552. REPORT OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS BY |
|
PROSECUTOR. (a) In January of each year each prosecutor shall |
|
report to the Administrative Office of the United States Courts the |
|
following information for the preceding calendar year: |
|
(1) the information required by Article 18A.551(a) |
|
with respect to each application for an interception order or |
|
extension made; |
|
(2) a general description of the interceptions made |
|
under each order or extension, including: |
|
(A) the approximate nature and frequency of |
|
incriminating communications intercepted; |
|
(B) the approximate nature and frequency of other |
|
communications intercepted; |
|
(C) the approximate number of persons whose |
|
communications were intercepted; and |
|
(D) the approximate nature, amount, and cost of |
|
the personnel and other resources used in the interceptions; |
|
(3) the number of arrests resulting from interceptions |
|
made under each order or extension and the offenses for which the |
|
arrests were made; |
|
(4) the number of trials resulting from interceptions; |
|
(5) the number of motions to suppress made with |
|
respect to interceptions and the number granted or denied; |
|
(6) the number of convictions resulting from |
|
interceptions, the offenses for which the convictions were |
|
obtained, and a general assessment of the importance of the |
|
interceptions; and |
|
(7) the information required by Subdivisions (2) |
|
through (6) with respect to orders or extensions obtained. |
|
(b) A prosecutor required to file a report under this |
|
article shall forward a copy of the report to the director. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. 15(b), (c) (part).) |
|
Art. 18A.553. REPORT OF INTERCEPTED COMMUNICATIONS BY |
|
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY. (a) On or before March 1 of each year, |
|
the director shall submit a report of all intercepts conducted |
|
under this chapter and terminated during the preceding calendar |
|
year to: |
|
(1) the governor; |
|
(2) the lieutenant governor; |
|
(3) the speaker of the house of representatives; |
|
(4) the chair of the senate jurisprudence committee; |
|
and |
|
(5) the chair of the house of representatives criminal |
|
jurisprudence committee. |
|
(b) The report must include: |
|
(1) the reports of judges and prosecuting attorneys |
|
forwarded to the director as required by Articles 18A.551(b) and |
|
18A.552(b); |
|
(2) the number of department personnel authorized to |
|
possess, install, or operate an interception device; |
|
(3) the number of department and other law enforcement |
|
personnel who participated or engaged in the seizure of intercepts |
|
under this chapter during the preceding calendar year; and |
|
(4) the total cost to the department of all activities |
|
and procedures relating to the seizure of intercepts during the |
|
preceding calendar year, including costs of equipment, personnel, |
|
and expenses incurred as compensation for use of facilities or |
|
technical assistance provided to the department. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.20, Sec. 15(c) (part).) |
|
SECTION 1.02. Title 1, Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended by adding Chapter 18B to read as follows: |
|
|
|
CHAPTER 18B. INSTALLATION AND USE OF TRACKING EQUIPMENT; ACCESS TO |
|
COMMUNICATIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 18B.001. DEFINITIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. APPLICATION FOR ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND |
|
USE OF EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.051. REQUIREMENTS REGARDING REQUEST FOR AND |
|
FILING OF APPLICATION |
|
Art. 18B.052. JURISDICTION |
|
Art. 18B.053. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE OF EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.101. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE |
|
OF PEN REGISTER, ESN READER, OR |
|
SIMILAR EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.102. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE |
|
OF TRAP AND TRACE DEVICE OR SIMILAR |
|
EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.103. COMPENSATION FOR CARRIER OR SERVICE |
|
PROVIDER |
|
Art. 18B.104. DURATION OF ORDER |
|
Art. 18B.105. SEALING RECORDS OF APPLICATION AND ORDER |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND USE OF CERTAIN EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.151. EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND USE OF PEN |
|
REGISTER OR TRAP AND TRACE DEVICE |
|
Art. 18B.152. ORDER AUTHORIZING EMERGENCY INSTALLATION |
|
AND USE |
|
Art. 18B.153. ADMISSIBILITY OF EVIDENCE OBTAINED |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. MOBILE TRACKING DEVICES |
|
Art. 18B.201. DEFINITION |
|
Art. 18B.202. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE |
|
OF MOBILE TRACKING DEVICE |
|
Art. 18B.203. JURISDICTION |
|
Art. 18B.204. NOTIFICATION OF JUDGE FOLLOWING |
|
ACTIVATION OF MOBILE TRACKING DEVICE |
|
Art. 18B.205. DURATION OF ORDER |
|
Art. 18B.206. REMOVAL OF DEVICE |
|
Art. 18B.207. NONAPPLICABILITY |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. LAW ENFORCEMENT POWERS AND DUTIES |
|
Art. 18B.251. POLICY REQUIRED |
|
Art. 18B.252. PEACE OFFICERS AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS, |
|
INSTALL, OPERATE, OR MONITOR EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.253. LIMITATION: PEN REGISTERS |
|
Art. 18B.254. APPLICATION OR ORDER NOT REQUIRED FOR |
|
CERTAIN SEARCHES |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. OVERSIGHT |
|
Art. 18B.301. COMPLIANCE AUDIT |
|
Art. 18B.302. REPORT OF EXPENDITURES |
|
SUBCHAPTER H. ACCESS TO STORED COMMUNICATIONS AND OTHER STORED |
|
CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.351. GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER |
|
DATA |
|
Art. 18B.352. COURT ORDER FOR GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO |
|
STORED CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.353. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: |
|
APPLICABILITY |
|
Art. 18B.354. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: |
|
APPLICATION AND ISSUANCE OF WARRANT |
|
Art. 18B.355. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: EXECUTION |
|
OF WARRANT |
|
Art. 18B.356. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: |
|
COMPLIANCE WITH WARRANT |
|
Art. 18B.357. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: |
|
AUTHENTICATION OF RECORDS BY SERVICE |
|
PROVIDER |
|
Art. 18B.358. WARRANT ISSUED IN ANOTHER STATE |
|
Art. 18B.359. GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO CERTAIN STORED |
|
CUSTOMER DATA WITHOUT LEGAL PROCESS |
|
SUBCHAPTER I. BACKUP PRESERVATION OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.401. BACKUP PRESERVATION OF ELECTRONIC |
|
CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.402. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBER OR CUSTOMER |
|
Art. 18B.403. RELEASE OF COPY OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER |
|
DATA |
|
Art. 18B.404. DESTRUCTION OF COPY OF ELECTRONIC |
|
CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.405. REQUEST FOR COPY OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER |
|
DATA BY AUTHORIZED PEACE OFFICER |
|
Art. 18B.406. PROCEEDINGS TO QUASH SUBPOENA OR VACATE |
|
COURT ORDER |
|
SUBCHAPTER J. PRODUCTION OF CERTAIN BUSINESS RECORDS |
|
Art. 18B.451. SUBPOENA AUTHORITY |
|
Art. 18B.452. REPORT OF ISSUANCE OF SUBPOENA |
|
Art. 18B.453. COMPLIANCE WITH POLICY FOR INSTALLATION |
|
AND USE OF EQUIPMENT |
|
SUBCHAPTER K. SERVICE PROVIDER POWERS AND DUTIES |
|
Art. 18B.501. PRECLUSION OF NOTIFICATION |
|
Art. 18B.502. DISCLOSURE BY SERVICE PROVIDER |
|
PROHIBITED |
|
Art. 18B.503. REIMBURSEMENT OF COSTS |
|
SUBCHAPTER L. REMEDIES |
|
Art. 18B.551. CAUSE OF ACTION |
|
Art. 18B.552. NO CAUSE OF ACTION |
|
Art. 18B.553. EXCLUSIVITY OF REMEDIES |
|
CHAPTER 18B. INSTALLATION AND USE OF TRACKING EQUIPMENT; ACCESS TO |
|
COMMUNICATIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 18B.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: |
|
(1) "Authorized peace officer" means: |
|
(A) a sheriff or deputy sheriff; |
|
(B) a constable or deputy constable; |
|
(C) a marshal or police officer of a |
|
municipality; |
|
(D) a ranger or officer commissioned by the |
|
Public Safety Commission or the director of the department; |
|
(E) an investigator of a prosecutor's office; |
|
(F) a law enforcement agent of the Texas |
|
Alcoholic Beverage Commission; |
|
(G) a law enforcement officer commissioned by the |
|
Parks and Wildlife Commission; |
|
(H) an enforcement officer appointed by the |
|
inspector general of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice under |
|
Section 493.019, Government Code; |
|
(I) an investigator commissioned by the attorney |
|
general under Section 402.009, Government Code; or |
|
(J) a member of an arson investigating unit |
|
commissioned by a municipality, a county, or the state. |
|
(2) "Communication common carrier," "electronic |
|
communication," "electronic communications service," "user," and |
|
"wire communication" have the meanings assigned by Article 18A.001. |
|
(3) "Department" means the Department of Public Safety |
|
of the State of Texas. |
|
(4) "Designated law enforcement office or agency" |
|
means: |
|
(A) the sheriff's department of a county with a |
|
population of 3.3 million or more; |
|
(B) a police department in a municipality with a |
|
population of 500,000 or more; or |
|
(C) the office of inspector general of the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice. |
|
(5) "Domestic entity" has the meaning assigned by |
|
Section 1.002, Business Organizations Code. |
|
(6) "Electronic communications system" means: |
|
(A) a wire, radio, electromagnetic, |
|
photo-optical, or photoelectronic facility for the transmission of |
|
wire or electronic communications; and |
|
(B) any computer facility or related electronic |
|
equipment for the electronic storage of wire or electronic |
|
communications. |
|
(7) "Electronic customer data" means data or records |
|
that: |
|
(A) are in the possession, care, custody, or |
|
control of a provider of an electronic communications service or |
|
provider of a remote computing service; and |
|
(B) contain: |
|
(i) information revealing the identity of |
|
customers of the applicable service; |
|
(ii) information about a customer's use of |
|
the applicable service; |
|
(iii) information that identifies the |
|
recipient or destination of a wire or electronic communication sent |
|
to or by a customer; |
|
(iv) the content of a wire or electronic |
|
communication sent to or by a customer; and |
|
(v) any data stored with the applicable |
|
service provider by or on behalf of a customer. |
|
(8) "Electronic storage" means storage of electronic |
|
customer data in a computer, computer network, or computer system, |
|
regardless of whether the data is subject to recall, further |
|
manipulation, deletion, or transmission. The term includes storage |
|
of a wire or electronic communication by an electronic |
|
communications service or a remote computing service. |
|
(9) "ESN reader" means a device that, without |
|
intercepting the contents of a communication, records the |
|
electronic serial number from the data track of a wireless |
|
telephone, cellular telephone, or similar communication device |
|
that transmits its operational status to a base site. |
|
(10) "Pen register" means a device or process that |
|
records or decodes dialing, routing, addressing, or signaling |
|
information transmitted by an instrument or facility from which a |
|
wire or electronic communication is transmitted, if the information |
|
does not include the contents of the communication. The term does |
|
not include a device used by a provider or customer of a wire or |
|
electronic communications service in the ordinary course of the |
|
service provider's or customer's business for purposes of: |
|
(A) billing or recording incident to billing for |
|
communications services; or |
|
(B) cost accounting, security control, or other |
|
ordinary business purposes. |
|
(11) "Prosecutor" means a district attorney, criminal |
|
district attorney, or county attorney performing the duties of a |
|
district attorney. |
|
(12) "Remote computing service" means the provision of |
|
computer storage or processing services to the public by means of an |
|
electronic communications system. |
|
(13) "Trap and trace device" means a device or process |
|
that records an incoming electronic or other impulse that |
|
identifies the originating number or other dialing, routing, |
|
addressing, or signaling information reasonably likely to identify |
|
the source of a wire or electronic communication, if the |
|
information does not include the contents of the communication. |
|
The term does not include a device or telecommunications network |
|
used in providing: |
|
(A) a caller identification service authorized |
|
by the Public Utility Commission of Texas under Subchapter E, |
|
Chapter 55, Utilities Code; |
|
(B) the services referenced by Section |
|
55.102(b), Utilities Code; or |
|
(C) a caller identification service provided by a |
|
commercial mobile radio service provider licensed by the Federal |
|
Communications Commission. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.20, Secs. |
|
1(17), (20); Art. 18.21, Secs. 1(1) (part), (2), (3), (3-a), (3-b), |
|
(3-c), (4), (6), (7), (8), (10).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. APPLICATION FOR ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND |
|
USE OF EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.051. REQUIREMENTS REGARDING REQUEST FOR AND FILING |
|
OF APPLICATION. (a) A prosecutor with jurisdiction in a county |
|
within a judicial district described by Article 18B.052 may file |
|
with a district judge in the judicial district an application for |
|
the installation and use of a pen register, ESN reader, trap and |
|
trace device, or similar equipment that combines the function of a |
|
pen register and a trap and trace device. |
|
(b) A prosecutor may file an application under this |
|
subchapter or under federal law on: |
|
(1) the prosecutor's own motion; or |
|
(2) the request of an authorized peace officer, |
|
regardless of whether the peace officer is commissioned by the |
|
department. |
|
(c) A prosecutor must make an application personally and may |
|
not make the application through an assistant or other person |
|
acting on the prosecutor's behalf if the prosecutor: |
|
(1) files an application on the prosecutor's own |
|
motion; or |
|
(2) files an application for the installation and use |
|
of a pen register, ESN reader, or similar equipment on the request |
|
of an authorized peace officer not commissioned by the department, |
|
other than an authorized peace officer employed by a designated law |
|
enforcement office or agency. |
|
(d) A prosecutor may make an application through an |
|
assistant or other person acting on the prosecutor's behalf if the |
|
prosecutor files an application for the installation and use of: |
|
(1) a pen register, ESN reader, or similar equipment |
|
on the request of: |
|
(A) an authorized peace officer who is |
|
commissioned by the department; or |
|
(B) an authorized peace officer of a designated |
|
law enforcement office or agency; or |
|
(2) a trap and trace device or similar equipment on the |
|
request of an authorized peace officer, regardless of whether the |
|
peace officer is commissioned by the department. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 2(a) (part), (b).) |
|
Art. 18B.052. JURISDICTION. An application under this |
|
subchapter must be filed in a judicial district in which is located: |
|
(1) the site of the proposed installation or use of the |
|
device or equipment; |
|
(2) the site of the communication device on which the |
|
device or equipment is proposed to be installed or used; |
|
(3) the billing, residential, or business address of |
|
the subscriber to the electronic communications service on which |
|
the device or equipment is proposed to be installed or used; |
|
(4) the headquarters of: |
|
(A) the office of the prosecutor filing an |
|
application under this subchapter; or |
|
(B) a law enforcement agency that requests the |
|
prosecutor to file an application under this subchapter or that |
|
proposes to execute an order authorizing installation and use of |
|
the device or equipment; or |
|
(5) the headquarters of a service provider ordered to |
|
install the device or equipment. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, |
|
Sec. 2(a) (part).) |
|
Art. 18B.053. APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS. An application |
|
under this subchapter must: |
|
(1) be made in writing under oath; |
|
(2) include the name of the subscriber and the |
|
telephone number and location of the communication device on which |
|
the pen register, ESN reader, trap and trace device, or similar |
|
equipment will be used, to the extent that information is known or |
|
is reasonably ascertainable; and |
|
(3) state that the installation and use of the device |
|
or equipment will likely produce information that is material to an |
|
ongoing criminal investigation. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, |
|
Sec. 2(c).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE OF EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.101. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE OF PEN |
|
REGISTER, ESN READER, OR SIMILAR EQUIPMENT. (a) On presentation of |
|
an application under Subchapter B, a judge may order the |
|
installation and use of a pen register, ESN reader, or similar |
|
equipment by an authorized peace officer commissioned by the |
|
department or an authorized peace officer of a designated law |
|
enforcement office or agency. |
|
(b) On request of the applicant, the judge shall direct in |
|
the order that a communication common carrier or a provider of an |
|
electronic communications service provide all information, |
|
facilities, and technical assistance necessary to facilitate the |
|
installation and use of the device or equipment by the department or |
|
designated law enforcement office or agency unobtrusively and with |
|
a minimum of interference to the services provided by the carrier or |
|
service provider. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(d) |
|
(part).) |
|
Art. 18B.102. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE OF |
|
TRAP AND TRACE DEVICE OR SIMILAR EQUIPMENT. (a) On presentation of |
|
an application under Subchapter B, a judge may order the |
|
installation and use of a trap and trace device or similar equipment |
|
on the appropriate line by a communication common carrier or other |
|
person. |
|
(b) The judge may direct the communication common carrier or |
|
other person, including any landlord or other custodian of |
|
equipment, to provide all information, facilities, and technical |
|
assistance necessary to install or use the device or equipment |
|
unobtrusively and with a minimum of interference to the services |
|
provided by the communication common carrier, landlord, custodian, |
|
or other person. |
|
(c) Unless otherwise ordered by the court, the results of |
|
the device or equipment shall be provided to the applicant, as |
|
designated by the court, at reasonable intervals during regular |
|
business hours, for the duration of the order. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(e) (part).) |
|
Art. 18B.103. COMPENSATION FOR CARRIER OR SERVICE PROVIDER. |
|
(a) A communication common carrier or a provider of an electronic |
|
communications service that provides facilities and assistance to |
|
the department or a designated law enforcement office or agency |
|
under Article 18B.101(b) is entitled to compensation at the |
|
prevailing rates for the facilities and assistance. |
|
(b) A communication common carrier that provides facilities |
|
and assistance to a designated law enforcement office or agency |
|
under Article 18B.102(b) is entitled to compensation at the |
|
prevailing rates for the facilities and assistance. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 2(d) (part), (e) (part).) |
|
Art. 18B.104. DURATION OF ORDER. (a) An order for the |
|
installation and use of a device or equipment under this subchapter |
|
is valid for a period not to exceed 60 days after the earlier of the |
|
date the device or equipment is installed or the 10th day after the |
|
date the order is entered, unless the prosecutor applies for and |
|
obtains an extension of the order from the court before the order |
|
expires. |
|
(b) Each extension granted under Subsection (a) may not |
|
exceed a period of 60 days, except that the court may extend an |
|
order for a period not to exceed one year with the consent of the |
|
subscriber or customer of the service on which the device or |
|
equipment is used. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(f).) |
|
Art. 18B.105. SEALING RECORDS OF APPLICATION AND ORDER. A |
|
district court shall seal an application and order granted under |
|
this chapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(g).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND USE OF CERTAIN EQUIPMENT |
|
Art. 18B.151. EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND USE OF PEN |
|
REGISTER OR TRAP AND TRACE DEVICE. (a) In this article, "immediate |
|
life-threatening situation" has the meaning assigned by Article |
|
18A.201. |
|
(b) A peace officer authorized to possess, install, |
|
operate, or monitor a device under Subchapter E, Chapter 18A, may |
|
install and use a pen register or trap and trace device if the peace |
|
officer reasonably believes: |
|
(1) an immediate life-threatening situation exists |
|
that: |
|
(A) is within the territorial jurisdiction of the |
|
peace officer or another officer the peace officer is assisting; |
|
and |
|
(B) requires the installation of a pen register |
|
or trap and trace device before an order authorizing the |
|
installation and use can, with due diligence, be obtained under |
|
this chapter; and |
|
(2) there are sufficient grounds under this chapter on |
|
which to obtain an order authorizing the installation and use of a |
|
pen register or trap and trace device. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.21, Secs. 1(1) (part), 3(a).) |
|
Art. 18B.152. ORDER AUTHORIZING EMERGENCY INSTALLATION AND |
|
USE. (a) A peace officer who installs or uses a pen register or |
|
trap and trace device under Article 18B.151 shall: |
|
(1) promptly report the installation or use of the |
|
device to the prosecutor in the county in which the device is |
|
installed or used; and |
|
(2) within 48 hours after the installation of the |
|
device is complete or the use of the device begins, whichever occurs |
|
first, obtain an order under Subchapter C authorizing the |
|
installation and use of the device. |
|
(b) A judge may issue an order authorizing the installation |
|
and use of a device under this subchapter during the 48-hour period |
|
prescribed by Subsection (a)(2). If an order is denied or is not |
|
issued within the 48-hour period, the peace officer shall terminate |
|
use of and remove the pen register or trap and trace device promptly |
|
on the earlier of the denial or the expiration of 48 hours. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 3(a) (part), (b), (c).) |
|
Art. 18B.153. ADMISSIBILITY OF EVIDENCE OBTAINED. The |
|
state may not use as evidence in a criminal proceeding any |
|
information gained through the use of a pen register or trap and |
|
trace device installed under this subchapter if an authorized peace |
|
officer: |
|
(1) does not apply for authorization for the pen |
|
register or trap and trace device; or |
|
(2) applies for but does not obtain that |
|
authorization. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 3(d).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. MOBILE TRACKING DEVICES |
|
Art. 18B.201. DEFINITION. In this subchapter, "mobile |
|
tracking device" means an electronic or mechanical device that |
|
permits tracking the movement of a person, vehicle, container, |
|
item, or object. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 1(5).) |
|
Art. 18B.202. ORDER AUTHORIZING INSTALLATION AND USE OF |
|
MOBILE TRACKING DEVICE. (a) A district judge may issue an order |
|
for the installation and use of a mobile tracking device only on the |
|
application of an authorized peace officer. |
|
(b) An application must be written, signed, and sworn to |
|
before the judge. |
|
(c) The affidavit must: |
|
(1) state the name, department, agency, and address of |
|
the applicant; |
|
(2) identify the vehicle, container, or item to which, |
|
in which, or on which the mobile tracking device is to be attached, |
|
placed, or otherwise installed; |
|
(3) state the name of the owner or possessor of the |
|
vehicle, container, or item identified under Subdivision (2); |
|
(4) state the judicial jurisdictional area in which |
|
the vehicle, container, or item identified under Subdivision (2) is |
|
expected to be found; and |
|
(5) state the facts and circumstances that provide the |
|
applicant with a reasonable suspicion that: |
|
(A) criminal activity has been, is, or will be |
|
committed; and |
|
(B) the installation and use of a mobile tracking |
|
device is likely to produce information that is material to an |
|
ongoing criminal investigation of that criminal activity. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 14(a) (part), (c).) |
|
Art. 18B.203. JURISDICTION. (a) A district judge may issue |
|
an order for the installation and use of a mobile tracking device in |
|
the same judicial district as the site of: |
|
(1) the investigation; or |
|
(2) the person, vehicle, container, item, or object |
|
the movement of which will be tracked by the device. |
|
(b) The order may authorize the use of a mobile tracking |
|
device outside the judicial district but within the state, if the |
|
device is installed within the district. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.21, Secs. 14(a), (b).) |
|
Art. 18B.204. NOTIFICATION OF JUDGE FOLLOWING ACTIVATION OF |
|
MOBILE TRACKING DEVICE. Within 72 hours after the time a mobile |
|
tracking device is activated in place on or within a vehicle, |
|
container, or item, the applicant for whom an order was issued under |
|
this subchapter shall notify in writing the judge who issued the |
|
order. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 14(d).) |
|
Art. 18B.205. DURATION OF ORDER. (a) An order under this |
|
subchapter expires not later than the 90th day after the date that |
|
the mobile tracking device was activated in place on or within the |
|
vehicle, container, or item. |
|
(b) For good cause shown, the judge may grant an extension |
|
for an additional 90-day period. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, |
|
Sec. 14(e).) |
|
Art. 18B.206. REMOVAL OF DEVICE. (a) The applicant shall |
|
remove or cause to be removed the mobile tracking device as soon as |
|
is practicable after the authorization period expires. |
|
(b) If removal is not practicable, the device may not be |
|
monitored after the expiration of the order. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.21, Sec. 14(f).) |
|
Art. 18B.207. NONAPPLICABILITY. (a) This subchapter does |
|
not apply to a global positioning or similar device installed in or |
|
on an item of property by the owner or with the consent of the owner |
|
of the property. |
|
(b) In an emergency, a private entity may monitor a device |
|
described by Subsection (a). (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. |
|
14(g).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. LAW ENFORCEMENT POWERS AND DUTIES |
|
Art. 18B.251. POLICY REQUIRED. Each designated law |
|
enforcement office or agency shall: |
|
(1) adopt a written policy governing the application |
|
of this chapter to the office or agency; and |
|
(2) submit the policy to the director of the |
|
department, or the director's designee, for approval. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(j).) |
|
Art. 18B.252. PEACE OFFICERS AUTHORIZED TO POSSESS, |
|
INSTALL, OPERATE, OR MONITOR EQUIPMENT. (a) A peace officer of a |
|
designated law enforcement office or agency is authorized to |
|
possess, install, operate, or monitor a pen register, ESN reader, |
|
or similar equipment if the peace officer's name is on the list |
|
submitted to the director of the department under Subsection (b). |
|
(b) If the director of the department or the director's |
|
designee approves the policy submitted under Article 18B.251, the |
|
inspector general of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice or |
|
the inspector general's designee, or the sheriff or chief of a |
|
designated law enforcement agency or the sheriff's or chief's |
|
designee, as applicable, shall submit to the director a written |
|
list of all peace officers in the designated law enforcement office |
|
or agency who are authorized to possess, install, operate, or |
|
monitor pen registers, ESN readers, or similar equipment. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 2(i), (k).) |
|
Art. 18B.253. LIMITATION: PEN REGISTERS. To prevent |
|
inclusion of the contents of a wire or electronic communication, a |
|
governmental agency authorized to install and use a pen register |
|
under this chapter or other law must use reasonably available |
|
technology to only record and decode electronic or other impulses |
|
used to identify the numbers dialed, routed, addressed, or |
|
otherwise processed or transmitted by the communication. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 16.) |
|
Art. 18B.254. APPLICATION OR ORDER NOT REQUIRED FOR CERTAIN |
|
SEARCHES. A peace officer is not required to file an application |
|
under Subchapter B or obtain an order under Subchapter C before the |
|
peace officer makes an otherwise lawful search, with or without a |
|
warrant, to determine the contents of a caller identification |
|
message, pager message, or voice message that is contained within |
|
the memory of an end-user's identification, paging, or answering |
|
device. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(h).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. OVERSIGHT |
|
Art. 18B.301. COMPLIANCE AUDIT. (a) The department may |
|
conduct an audit of a designated law enforcement office or agency to |
|
ensure compliance with this chapter. |
|
(b) If the department determines from the audit that the |
|
designated law enforcement office or agency is not in compliance |
|
with the policy adopted by the office or agency under Article |
|
18B.251, the department shall notify the office or agency in |
|
writing that the office or agency, as applicable, is not in |
|
compliance. |
|
(c) If the department determines that the office or agency |
|
still is not in compliance with the policy on the 90th day after the |
|
date the office or agency receives written notice under Subsection |
|
(b), the office or agency loses the authority granted by this |
|
chapter until: |
|
(1) the office or agency adopts a new written policy |
|
governing the application of this chapter to the office or agency; |
|
and |
|
(2) the department approves that policy. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(l).) |
|
Art. 18B.302. REPORT OF EXPENDITURES. (a) The inspector |
|
general of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice or the sheriff |
|
or chief of a designated law enforcement agency, as applicable, |
|
shall submit to the director of the department a written report of |
|
expenditures made by the designated law enforcement office or |
|
agency to purchase and maintain a pen register, ESN reader, or |
|
similar equipment authorized under this chapter. |
|
(b) The director of the department shall report the |
|
expenditures publicly on an annual basis on the department's |
|
Internet website or by other comparable means. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.21, Sec. 2(m).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER H. ACCESS TO STORED COMMUNICATIONS AND OTHER STORED |
|
CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.351. GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER |
|
DATA. (a) An authorized peace officer may require a provider of an |
|
electronic communications service or a provider of a remote |
|
computing service to disclose electronic customer data that is in |
|
electronic storage by obtaining a warrant under Article 18B.354. |
|
(b) An authorized peace officer may require a provider of an |
|
electronic communications service or a provider of a remote |
|
computing service to disclose only electronic customer data that is |
|
information revealing the identity of customers of the applicable |
|
service or information about a customer's use of the applicable |
|
service, without giving the subscriber or customer notice: |
|
(1) by obtaining an administrative subpoena |
|
authorized by statute; |
|
(2) by obtaining a grand jury subpoena; |
|
(3) by obtaining a court order under Article 18B.352; |
|
(4) by obtaining a warrant under Article 18B.354; |
|
(5) by obtaining the consent of the subscriber or |
|
customer to the disclosure of the data; or |
|
(6) as otherwise permitted by applicable federal law. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 4(a), (b).) |
|
Art. 18B.352. COURT ORDER FOR GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO STORED |
|
CUSTOMER DATA. (a) A court shall issue an order authorizing |
|
disclosure of contents, records, or other information of a wire or |
|
electronic communication held in electronic storage if the court |
|
determines that there is a reasonable belief that the information |
|
sought is relevant to a legitimate law enforcement inquiry. |
|
(b) A court may grant a motion by the service provider to |
|
quash or modify the order issued under Subsection (a) if the court |
|
determines that: |
|
(1) the information or records requested are unusually |
|
voluminous; or |
|
(2) compliance with the order would cause an undue |
|
burden on the provider. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 5.) |
|
Art. 18B.353. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: APPLICABILITY. |
|
Articles 18B.354-18B.357 apply to a warrant required under Article |
|
18B.351 to obtain electronic customer data, including the contents |
|
of a wire or electronic communication. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.21, Sec. 5A(a).) |
|
Art. 18B.354. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: APPLICATION AND |
|
ISSUANCE OF WARRANT. (a) On the filing of an application by an |
|
authorized peace officer, a district judge may issue a search |
|
warrant under this article for electronic customer data held in |
|
electronic storage, including the contents of and records and other |
|
information related to a wire or electronic communication held in |
|
electronic storage, by a provider of an electronic communications |
|
service or a provider of a remote computing service described by |
|
Article 18B.355(b), regardless of whether the customer data is held |
|
at a location in this state or another state. An application made |
|
under this subsection must demonstrate probable cause for the |
|
issuance of the warrant and must be supported by the oath of the |
|
authorized peace officer. |
|
(b) A search warrant may not be issued under this article |
|
unless the sworn affidavit required by Article 18.01(b) provides |
|
sufficient and substantial facts to establish probable cause that: |
|
(1) a specific offense has been committed; and |
|
(2) the electronic customer data sought: |
|
(A) constitutes evidence of that offense or |
|
evidence that a particular person committed that offense; and |
|
(B) is held in electronic storage by the service |
|
provider on which the warrant is served under Article 18B.355(c). |
|
(c) Only the electronic customer data described in the sworn |
|
affidavit required by Article 18.01(b) may be seized under the |
|
warrant. |
|
(d) A warrant issued under this article shall run in the |
|
name of "The State of Texas." |
|
(e) Article 18.011 applies to an affidavit presented under |
|
Article 18.01(b) for the issuance of a warrant under this article, |
|
and the affidavit may be sealed in the manner provided by that |
|
article. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 5A(b), (c), (d), |
|
(e), (f).) |
|
Art. 18B.355. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: EXECUTION OF |
|
WARRANT. (a) Not later than the 11th day after the date of |
|
issuance, an authorized peace officer shall execute a warrant |
|
issued under Article 18B.354, except that the peace officer shall |
|
execute the warrant within a shorter period if the district judge |
|
directs a shorter period in the warrant. For purposes of this |
|
subsection, a warrant is executed when the warrant is served in the |
|
manner described by Subsection (c). |
|
(b) A warrant issued under Article 18B.354 may be served |
|
only on a provider of an electronic communications service or a |
|
provider of a remote computing service that is a domestic entity or |
|
a company or entity otherwise doing business in this state under a |
|
contract or a terms of service agreement with a resident of this |
|
state, if any part of that contract or agreement is to be performed |
|
in this state. |
|
(c) A search warrant issued under Article 18B.354 is served |
|
when an authorized peace officer delivers the warrant by hand, by |
|
facsimile transmission, or, in a manner allowing proof of delivery, |
|
by means of the United States mail or a private delivery service to: |
|
(1) a person specified by Section 5.255, Business |
|
Organizations Code; |
|
(2) the secretary of state in the case of a company or |
|
entity to which Section 5.251, Business Organizations Code, |
|
applies; or |
|
(3) any other person or entity designated to receive |
|
the service of process. |
|
(d) The district judge shall hear and decide any motion to |
|
quash the warrant not later than the fifth business day after the |
|
date the service provider files the motion. The judge may allow the |
|
service provider to appear at the hearing by teleconference. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 5A(b) (part), (g), (h) (part), (i), |
|
(m).) |
|
Art. 18B.356. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: COMPLIANCE |
|
WITH WARRANT. (a) A district judge shall indicate in a warrant |
|
issued under Article 18A.354 that the deadline for compliance by |
|
the provider of an electronic communications service or the |
|
provider of a remote computing service is the 15th business day |
|
after the date the warrant is served if the warrant is to be served |
|
on a domestic entity or a company or entity otherwise doing business |
|
in this state, except that the deadline for compliance with a |
|
warrant served in accordance with Section 5.251, Business |
|
Organizations Code, may be extended to a date that is not later than |
|
the 30th day after the date the warrant is served. |
|
(b) The judge may indicate in the warrant that the deadline |
|
for compliance is earlier than the 15th business day after the date |
|
the warrant is served if the authorized peace officer who applies |
|
for the warrant makes a showing and the judge finds that failure to |
|
comply with the warrant by the earlier deadline would cause serious |
|
jeopardy to an investigation, cause undue delay of a trial, or |
|
create a material risk of: |
|
(1) danger to the life or physical safety of any |
|
person; |
|
(2) flight from prosecution; |
|
(3) the tampering with or destruction of evidence; or |
|
(4) intimidation of potential witnesses. |
|
(c) The service provider shall produce all electronic |
|
customer data, contents of communications, and other information |
|
sought, regardless of where the information is held and within the |
|
period allowed for compliance with the warrant, as provided by |
|
Subsection (a) or (b). |
|
(d) A court may find any designated officer, designated |
|
director, or designated owner of a company or entity in contempt of |
|
court if the person by act or omission is responsible for the |
|
failure of the company or entity to comply with the warrant within |
|
the period allowed for compliance. |
|
(e) The failure of a company or entity to timely deliver the |
|
information sought in the warrant does not affect the admissibility |
|
of that evidence in a criminal proceeding. |
|
(f) On a service provider's compliance with a warrant issued |
|
under Article 18B.354, an authorized peace officer shall file a |
|
return of the warrant and a copy of the inventory of the seized |
|
property as required under Article 18.10. |
|
(g) A provider of an electronic communications service or a |
|
provider of a remote computing service responding to a warrant |
|
issued under Article 18B.354 may request an extension of the period |
|
for compliance with the warrant if extenuating circumstances exist |
|
to justify the extension. The district judge shall grant a request |
|
for an extension based on those circumstances if: |
|
(1) the authorized peace officer who applied for the |
|
warrant or another appropriate authorized peace officer agrees to |
|
the extension; or |
|
(2) the district judge finds that the need for the |
|
extension outweighs the likelihood that the extension will cause an |
|
adverse circumstance described by Subsection (b). (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 5A(b) (part), (h) (part), (j), (l), (n).) |
|
Art. 18B.357. WARRANT ISSUED IN THIS STATE: AUTHENTICATION |
|
OF RECORDS BY SERVICE PROVIDER. If an authorized peace officer |
|
serving a warrant under Article 18B.355 also delivers an affidavit |
|
form to the provider of an electronic communications service or the |
|
provider of a remote computing service responding to the warrant, |
|
and the peace officer also notifies the service provider in writing |
|
that an executed affidavit is required, the service provider shall |
|
verify the authenticity of the customer data, contents of |
|
communications, and other information produced in compliance with |
|
the warrant by including with the information an affidavit form |
|
that: |
|
(1) is completed and sworn to by a person who is a |
|
custodian of the information or a person otherwise qualified to |
|
attest to the authenticity of the information; and |
|
(2) states that the information was stored in the |
|
course of regularly conducted business of the service provider and |
|
specifies whether the regular practice of the service provider is |
|
to store that information. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. |
|
5A(k).) |
|
Art. 18B.358. WARRANT ISSUED IN ANOTHER STATE. Any |
|
domestic entity that provides electronic communications services |
|
or remote computing services to the public shall comply with a |
|
warrant issued in another state and seeking information described |
|
by Article 18B.354(a), if the warrant is served on the entity in a |
|
manner equivalent to the service of process requirements provided |
|
by Article 18B.355(b). (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 5B.) |
|
Art. 18B.359. GOVERNMENT ACCESS TO CERTAIN STORED CUSTOMER |
|
DATA WITHOUT LEGAL PROCESS. (a) A provider of a telephonic |
|
communications service shall disclose to an authorized peace |
|
officer, without legal process, subscriber listing information, |
|
including name, address, and telephone number or similar access |
|
code: |
|
(1) that the service provider provides to others in |
|
the course of providing publicly available directory or similar |
|
assistance; or |
|
(2) that is solely for use in the dispatch of emergency |
|
vehicles and personnel responding to a distress call directed to an |
|
emergency dispatch system or when the information is reasonably |
|
necessary to aid in the dispatching of emergency vehicles and |
|
personnel for the immediate prevention of death, personal injury, |
|
or destruction of property. |
|
(b) A provider of a telephonic communications service shall |
|
provide to an authorized peace officer the name of the subscriber of |
|
record whose published telephone number is provided to the service |
|
provider by an authorized peace officer. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.21, Secs. 4(c), (d).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER I. BACKUP PRESERVATION OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER DATA |
|
Art. 18B.401. BACKUP PRESERVATION OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER |
|
DATA. (a) A subpoena or court order under Article 18B.351(b) for |
|
disclosure of certain electronic customer data held in electronic |
|
storage by a provider of an electronic communications service or a |
|
provider of a remote computing service may, for the purpose of |
|
preserving the customer data sought by the subpoena or court order, |
|
require that service provider to create a copy of that data. |
|
(b) The service provider shall create the copy within a |
|
reasonable period as determined by the court issuing the subpoena |
|
or court order. |
|
(c) On creating a copy under this article, the service |
|
provider shall immediately notify the authorized peace officer who |
|
presented the subpoena or court order requesting the copy. |
|
(d) The service provider may not inform the subscriber or |
|
customer whose data is being sought that the subpoena or court order |
|
has been issued. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 6(a), (b).) |
|
Art. 18B.402. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBER OR CUSTOMER. Not later |
|
than the third day after the date of the receipt of the notice under |
|
Article 18B.401(c) from the applicable service provider, the |
|
authorized peace officer who presented the subpoena or court order |
|
requesting the copy shall provide notice of the creation of the copy |
|
to the subscriber or customer whose electronic customer data is the |
|
subject of the subpoena or court order. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
18.21, Secs. 6(b) (part), (c).) |
|
Art. 18B.403. RELEASE OF COPY OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER DATA. |
|
The provider of an electronic communications service or the |
|
provider of a remote computing service shall release a copy created |
|
under this subchapter to the requesting authorized peace officer |
|
not earlier than the 14th day after the date of the peace officer's |
|
notice to the subscriber or customer if the service provider has |
|
not: |
|
(1) initiated proceedings to challenge the request of |
|
the peace officer for the copy; or |
|
(2) received notice from the subscriber or customer |
|
that the subscriber or customer has initiated proceedings to |
|
challenge the request. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 6(d).) |
|
Art. 18B.404. DESTRUCTION OF COPY OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER |
|
DATA. The provider of an electronic communications service or the |
|
provider of a remote computing service may not destroy or permit the |
|
destruction of a copy created under this subchapter until the later |
|
of: |
|
(1) the delivery of electronic customer data to the |
|
applicable law enforcement agency; or |
|
(2) the resolution of any court proceedings, including |
|
appeals of any proceedings, relating to the subpoena or court order |
|
requesting the creation of the copy. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, |
|
Sec. 6(e).) |
|
Art. 18B.405. REQUEST FOR COPY OF ELECTRONIC CUSTOMER DATA |
|
BY AUTHORIZED PEACE OFFICER. (a) An authorized peace officer who |
|
reasonably believes that notice to a subscriber or customer |
|
regarding a subpoena or court order would result in the destruction |
|
of or tampering with the electronic customer data sought may |
|
request the creation of a copy of the data. |
|
(b) The peace officer's belief is not subject to challenge |
|
by the subscriber or customer or by a provider of an electronic |
|
communications service or a provider of a remote computing service. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 6(f).) |
|
Art. 18B.406. PROCEEDINGS TO QUASH SUBPOENA OR VACATE COURT |
|
ORDER. (a) Not later than the 14th day after the date a subscriber |
|
or customer receives notice under Article 18B.402, the subscriber |
|
or customer may file a written motion to quash the subpoena or |
|
vacate the court order in the court that issued the subpoena or |
|
court order. The motion must contain an affidavit or other sworn |
|
statement stating: |
|
(1) that the applicant is a subscriber or customer of |
|
the provider of an electronic communications service or the |
|
provider of a remote computing service from which the electronic |
|
customer data held in electronic storage for the subscriber or |
|
customer has been sought; and |
|
(2) the applicant's reasons for believing that the |
|
customer data sought is not relevant to a legitimate law |
|
enforcement inquiry or that there has not been substantial |
|
compliance with the provisions of this chapter in some other |
|
respect. |
|
(b) The subscriber or customer shall give written notice to |
|
the applicable service provider of the challenge to the subpoena or |
|
court order. The authorized peace officer requesting the subpoena |
|
or court order must be served a copy of the filed papers by personal |
|
delivery or by registered or certified mail. |
|
(c) The court shall order the authorized peace officer to |
|
file a sworn response to the motion filed by the subscriber or |
|
customer if the court determines that the subscriber or customer |
|
has complied with the requirements of Subsections (a) and (b). On |
|
request of the peace officer, the court may permit the response to |
|
be filed in camera. The court may conduct any additional |
|
proceedings the court considers appropriate if the court is unable |
|
to make a determination on the motion on the basis of the parties' |
|
initial allegations and response. |
|
(d) The court shall rule on the motion as soon as |
|
practicable after the filing of the peace officer's response. The |
|
court shall deny the motion if the court finds that the applicant is |
|
not the subscriber or customer whose data is the subject of the |
|
subpoena or court order or that there is reason to believe that the |
|
peace officer's inquiry is legitimate and that the data sought is |
|
relevant to that inquiry. The court shall quash the subpoena or |
|
vacate the court order if the court finds that the applicant is the |
|
subscriber or customer whose data is the subject of the subpoena or |
|
court order and that there is not a reason to believe that the data |
|
is relevant to a legitimate law enforcement inquiry or that there |
|
has not been substantial compliance with the provisions of this |
|
chapter. |
|
(e) A court order denying a motion or application under this |
|
article is not a final order, and an interlocutory appeal may not be |
|
taken from the denial. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Secs. 6(g), |
|
(h).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER J. PRODUCTION OF CERTAIN BUSINESS RECORDS |
|
Art. 18B.451. SUBPOENA AUTHORITY. The director of the |
|
department or the director's designee, the inspector general of the |
|
Texas Department of Criminal Justice or the inspector general's |
|
designee, or the sheriff or chief of a designated law enforcement |
|
agency or the sheriff's or chief's designee may issue an |
|
administrative subpoena to a communication common carrier or a |
|
provider of an electronic communications service to compel the |
|
production of any carrier's or service provider's business records |
|
that: |
|
(1) disclose information about: |
|
(A) the carrier's or service provider's |
|
customers; or |
|
(B) users of the services offered by the carrier |
|
or service provider; and |
|
(2) are material to a criminal investigation. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 15(a).) |
|
Art. 18B.452. REPORT OF ISSUANCE OF SUBPOENA. Not later |
|
than the 30th day after the date on which an administrative subpoena |
|
is issued under Article 18B.451, the inspector general of the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice or the sheriff or chief of a |
|
designated law enforcement agency, as applicable, shall report to |
|
the department the issuance of the subpoena. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 18.21, Sec. 15(b).) |
|
Art. 18B.453. COMPLIANCE WITH POLICY FOR INSTALLATION AND |
|
USE OF EQUIPMENT. (a) If, based on a report received under Article |
|
18B.452, the department determines that a designated law |
|
enforcement office or agency is not in compliance with the policy |
|
adopted by the office or agency under Article 18B.251, the |
|
department shall notify the office or agency in writing that the |
|
office or agency, as applicable, is not in compliance. |
|
(b) If the department determines that the office or agency |
|
still is not in compliance with the policy on the 90th day after the |
|
date the office or agency receives written notice under this |
|
article, the office or agency loses the authority granted by this |
|
chapter until: |
|
(1) the office or agency adopts a new written policy |
|
governing the application of this chapter to the office or agency; |
|
and |
|
(2) the department approves that policy. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 15(c).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER K. SERVICE PROVIDER POWERS AND DUTIES |
|
Art. 18B.501. PRECLUSION OF NOTIFICATION. (a) An |
|
authorized peace officer seeking electronic customer data under |
|
Article 18B.351 may apply to the court for an order commanding the |
|
service provider to whom a warrant, subpoena, or court order is |
|
directed not to disclose to any person the existence of the warrant, |
|
subpoena, or court order. The order is effective for the period the |
|
court considers appropriate. |
|
(b) The court shall enter the order if the court determines |
|
that there is reason to believe that notification of the existence |
|
of the warrant, subpoena, or court order will have an adverse |
|
result. |
|
(c) In this article, an "adverse result" means: |
|
(1) endangering the life or physical safety of an |
|
individual; |
|
(2) flight from prosecution; |
|
(3) destruction of or tampering with evidence; |
|
(4) intimidation of a potential witness; or |
|
(5) otherwise seriously jeopardizing an investigation |
|
or unduly delaying a trial. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 8.) |
|
Art. 18B.502. DISCLOSURE BY SERVICE PROVIDER PROHIBITED. |
|
(a) Except as provided by Subsection (c), a provider of an |
|
electronic communications service may not knowingly divulge the |
|
contents of a communication that is in electronic storage. |
|
(b) Except as provided by Subsection (c), a provider of a |
|
remote computing service may not knowingly divulge the contents of |
|
a communication that: |
|
(1) is in electronic storage on behalf of a subscriber |
|
or customer of the service provider; |
|
(2) is received by means of electronic transmission |
|
from the subscriber or customer or created by means of computer |
|
processing of communications received by means of electronic |
|
transmission from the subscriber or customer; and |
|
(3) is solely for the purpose of providing storage or |
|
computer processing services to the subscriber or customer, if the |
|
service provider is not authorized to obtain access to the contents |
|
of that communication for purposes of providing any service other |
|
than storage or computer processing. |
|
(c) A provider of an electronic communications service or a |
|
provider of a remote computing service may disclose the contents of |
|
an electronically stored communication: |
|
(1) to an intended recipient of the communication or |
|
the intended recipient's agent; |
|
(2) to the addressee or the addressee's agent; |
|
(3) with the consent of the originator, to the |
|
addressee or the intended recipient of the communication, or the |
|
subscriber of a remote computing service; |
|
(4) to a person whose facilities are used to transmit |
|
the communication to its destination or the person's employee or |
|
authorized representative; |
|
(5) as may be necessary to provide the service or to |
|
protect the property or rights of the service provider; |
|
(6) to a law enforcement agency if the contents were |
|
obtained inadvertently by the service provider and the contents |
|
appear to pertain to the commission of an offense; or |
|
(7) as authorized under federal or other state law. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 11.) |
|
Art. 18B.503. REIMBURSEMENT OF COSTS. (a) Except as |
|
provided by Subsection (c), an authorized peace officer who obtains |
|
electronic customer data under Article 18B.351 or 18B.359 or other |
|
information under this chapter shall reimburse the person |
|
assembling or providing the data or information for all costs that |
|
are reasonably necessary and that have been directly incurred in |
|
searching for, assembling, reproducing, or otherwise providing the |
|
data or information, including costs arising from necessary |
|
disruption of normal operations of a provider of an electronic |
|
communications service or a provider of a remote computing service |
|
in which the electronic customer data may be held in electronic |
|
storage or in which the other information may be stored. |
|
(b) The authorized peace officer and the person providing |
|
the electronic customer data or other information may agree on the |
|
amount of reimbursement. If there is not an agreement, the court |
|
that issued the order for production of the data or information |
|
shall determine the amount. If a court order was not issued for |
|
production of the data or information, the court before which any |
|
criminal prosecution relating to the data or information would be |
|
brought shall determine the amount. |
|
(c) Subsection (a) does not apply to records or other |
|
information that is maintained by a communication common carrier |
|
and that relates to telephone toll records or telephone listings |
|
obtained under Article 18B.359(a), unless the court determines |
|
that: |
|
(1) the amount of information required was unusually |
|
voluminous; or |
|
(2) an undue burden was imposed on the service |
|
provider. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 9.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER L. REMEDIES |
|
Art. 18B.551. CAUSE OF ACTION. (a) Except as provided by |
|
Article 18B.552, a provider of an electronic communications service |
|
or a provider of a remote computing service, or a subscriber or |
|
customer of that service provider, that is aggrieved by a violation |
|
of this chapter has a civil cause of action if the conduct |
|
constituting the violation was committed knowingly or |
|
intentionally and is entitled to: |
|
(1) injunctive relief; |
|
(2) reasonable attorney's fees and other litigation |
|
costs reasonably incurred; and |
|
(3) the amount of the actual damages suffered and any |
|
profits made by the violator as a result of the violation or $1,000, |
|
whichever is more. |
|
(b) The reliance in good faith on a court order, warrant, |
|
subpoena, or legislative authorization is a complete defense to any |
|
civil action brought under this chapter. |
|
(c) A civil action under this article may be presented not |
|
later than the second anniversary of the date the claimant first |
|
discovered or had reasonable opportunity to discover the violation. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 12.) |
|
Art. 18B.552. NO CAUSE OF ACTION. A subscriber or customer |
|
of a provider of an electronic communications service or a provider |
|
of a remote computing service does not have a cause of action |
|
against a service provider or the service provider's officers, |
|
employees, or agents or against other specified persons for |
|
providing information, facilities, or assistance as required by a |
|
court order, warrant, subpoena, or certification under this |
|
chapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, Sec. 10.) |
|
Art. 18B.553. EXCLUSIVITY OF REMEDIES. The remedies and |
|
sanctions under this chapter are the exclusive judicial remedies |
|
and sanctions for a violation of this chapter, other than a |
|
violation that infringes on a right of a party that is guaranteed by |
|
a state or federal constitution. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 18.21, |
|
Sec. 13.) |
|
SECTION 1.03. Title 1, Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended by adding Chapter 66 to read as follows: |
|
|
|
CHAPTER 66. CRIMINAL HISTORY RECORD SYSTEM |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 66.001. DEFINITIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.051. PURPOSE AND FUNCTIONS |
|
Art. 66.052. IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION OF CRIMINAL |
|
JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.053. INFORMATION COLLECTED |
|
Art. 66.054. FINGERPRINT AND ARREST INFORMATION IN |
|
CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. COMPUTERIZED CRIMINAL HISTORY SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.101. COMPUTERIZED CRIMINAL HISTORY SYSTEM |
|
DATABASE |
|
Art. 66.102. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN COMPUTERIZED |
|
CRIMINAL HISTORY SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.103. DUTIES OF TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL |
|
JUSTICE REGARDING CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.104. DUTIES OF LICENSING AGENCIES TO PROVIDE |
|
INFORMATION REGARDING LICENSE HOLDERS |
|
Art. 66.105. INFORMATION RELATED TO MISUSED IDENTITY |
|
Art. 66.106. INFORMATION RELATED TO NON-FINGERPRINT |
|
SUPPORTED ACTIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. CORRECTIONS TRACKING SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.151. CORRECTIONS TRACKING SYSTEM DATABASE |
|
Art. 66.152. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN CORRECTIONS |
|
TRACKING SYSTEM |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.201. ACCESS TO DATABASES BY CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
AGENCIES AND OTHER ENTITIES |
|
Art. 66.202. REQUEST FOR DATA FILE FROM DATABASES |
|
Art. 66.203. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OF DATA PROHIBITED |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. DATA COLLECTION AND SUBMISSION |
|
Art. 66.251. UNIFORM INCIDENT FINGERPRINT CARD |
|
Art. 66.252. REPORTING OF INFORMATION BY LOCAL |
|
ENTITIES |
|
Art. 66.253. COMPATIBILITY OF DATA |
|
Art. 66.254. ELECTRONIC REPORTING OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 66.255. INFORMATION ON SUBSEQUENT ARRESTS |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. DUTIES OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGENCIES AND CERTAIN |
|
COURT CLERKS |
|
Art. 66.301. DUTIES OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGENCIES |
|
Art. 66.302. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE NOT AUTHORIZED |
|
Art. 66.303. PROHIBITED ACTS |
|
Art. 66.304. APPLICABILITY TO DISTRICT COURT AND |
|
COUNTY COURT CLERKS |
|
SUBCHAPTER H. OVERSIGHT AND REPORTING |
|
Art. 66.351. BIENNIAL PLANS |
|
Art. 66.352. EXAMINATION OF RECORDS AND OPERATIONS |
|
Art. 66.353. MONITORING AND REPORTING DUTIES OF |
|
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY |
|
Art. 66.354. LOCAL DATA ADVISORY BOARDS |
|
SUBCHAPTER I. GRANTS |
|
Art. 66.401. GRANTS FOR CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROGRAMS |
|
Art. 66.402. CERTIFICATION REQUIRED |
|
CHAPTER 66. CRIMINAL HISTORY RECORD SYSTEM |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 66.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: |
|
(1) "Administration of criminal justice" means the |
|
detection, apprehension, detention, pretrial release, post-trial |
|
release, prosecution, adjudication, correctional supervision, or |
|
rehabilitation of an offender. The term includes criminal |
|
identification activities and the collection, storage, and |
|
dissemination of criminal history record information. |
|
(2) "Computerized criminal history system" means the |
|
database containing arrest, disposition, and other criminal |
|
history maintained by the Department of Public Safety. |
|
(3) "Corrections tracking system" means the database |
|
maintained by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice on all |
|
offenders under the department's supervision. |
|
(4) "Council" means the Criminal Justice Policy |
|
Council. |
|
(5) "Criminal justice agency" means a federal or state |
|
agency that is engaged in the administration of criminal justice |
|
under a statute or executive order and allocates a substantial part |
|
of the agency's annual budget to the administration of criminal |
|
justice. |
|
(6) "Criminal justice information system" means the |
|
computerized criminal history system and the corrections tracking |
|
system. |
|
(7) "Disposition" means an action that results in the |
|
termination, transfer to another jurisdiction, or indeterminate |
|
suspension of the prosecution of a criminal charge. |
|
(8) "Electronic means" means the transmission of data |
|
between word processors, data processors, or similar automated |
|
information equipment over dedicated cables, commercial lines, or |
|
other similar methods of transmission. |
|
(9) "Incident number" means the unique number assigned |
|
to a specific person during a specific arrest. |
|
(10) "Offender" means any person who is assigned an |
|
incident number. |
|
(11) "Offense code" means the numeric code for each |
|
offense category. |
|
(12) "Release" means the termination of jurisdiction |
|
over an individual by the criminal justice system. |
|
(13) "State identification number" means the unique |
|
number assigned by the Department of Public Safety to each person |
|
whose name appears in the criminal justice information system. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 60.01(1), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), |
|
(9), (10), (11), (13), (14), (16).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.051. PURPOSE AND FUNCTIONS. The criminal justice |
|
information system shall be maintained to supply the state with a |
|
system: |
|
(1) that provides an accurate criminal history record |
|
depository to: |
|
(A) law enforcement officers; and |
|
(B) criminal justice agencies for operational |
|
decision making; |
|
(2) from which accurate criminal justice system |
|
modeling can be conducted; and |
|
(3) that improves: |
|
(A) the quality of data used to conduct impact |
|
analyses of proposed legislative changes in the criminal justice |
|
system; and |
|
(B) the ability of interested parties to analyze |
|
the functioning of the criminal justice system. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 60.02(c).) |
|
Art. 66.052. IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION OF CRIMINAL |
|
JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM. (a) The Department of Public Safety |
|
shall designate offense codes and has the sole responsibility for |
|
designating the state identification number for each person whose |
|
name appears in the criminal justice information system. |
|
(b) The Department of Public Safety and the Texas Department |
|
of Criminal Justice shall implement a system to link the |
|
computerized criminal history system and the corrections tracking |
|
system. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 60.02(e), (f) (part).) |
|
Art. 66.053. INFORMATION COLLECTED. For each arrest for a |
|
felony or misdemeanor other than a misdemeanor punishable by fine |
|
only, the criminal justice information system must include |
|
information relating to: |
|
(1) offenders; |
|
(2) arrests; |
|
(3) prosecutions; |
|
(4) the disposition of cases by courts; |
|
(5) sentencing; and |
|
(6) the handling of offenders received by a |
|
correctional agency, facility, or other institution. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 60.05.) |
|
Art. 66.054. FINGERPRINT AND ARREST INFORMATION IN CRIMINAL |
|
JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM. (a) When a jurisdiction transmits |
|
fingerprints and arrest information by a remote terminal accessing |
|
the statewide automated fingerprint identification system, the |
|
Department of Public Safety shall use that transmission to create: |
|
(1) a permanent record in the criminal justice |
|
information system; or |
|
(2) a temporary arrest record in the criminal justice |
|
information system to be maintained by the department until the |
|
department receives and processes the physical copy of the arrest |
|
information. |
|
(b) The Department of Public Safety shall make available to |
|
a criminal justice agency making a background criminal inquiry any |
|
information contained in a temporary arrest record maintained by |
|
the department, including a statement that a physical copy of the |
|
arrest information was not available at the time the information |
|
was entered in the criminal justice information system. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 60.12.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. COMPUTERIZED CRIMINAL HISTORY SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.101. COMPUTERIZED CRIMINAL HISTORY SYSTEM |
|
DATABASE. (a) The Department of Public Safety shall record data |
|
and maintain the computerized criminal history system that serves |
|
as the record creation point for criminal history information |
|
maintained by the state. |
|
(b) The computerized criminal history system must contain |
|
the information required by this chapter. |
|
(c) The Department of Public Safety shall operate the |
|
computerized criminal history system and develop the necessary |
|
interfaces in the system to accommodate inquiries from the |
|
statewide automated fingerprint identification system implemented |
|
by the department. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 60.02(b), (d), (g).) |
|
Art. 66.102. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN COMPUTERIZED |
|
CRIMINAL HISTORY SYSTEM. (a) In this article: |
|
(1) "Appeal" means the review of a decision of a lower |
|
court by a superior court other than by collateral attack. |
|
(2) "Rejected case" means: |
|
(A) a charge that, after the arrest of the |
|
offender, the prosecutor declines to include in an information or |
|
present to a grand jury; or |
|
(B) an information or indictment that, after the |
|
arrest of the offender, the prosecutor refuses to prosecute. |
|
(b) Information in the computerized criminal history system |
|
relating to an offender must include the offender's: |
|
(1) name, including other names by which the offender |
|
is known; |
|
(2) date of birth; |
|
(3) physical description, including sex, weight, |
|
height, race, ethnicity, eye color, hair color, scars, marks, and |
|
tattoos; and |
|
(4) state identification number. |
|
(c) Information in the computerized criminal history system |
|
relating to an arrest must include: |
|
(1) the offender's name; |
|
(2) the offender's state identification number; |
|
(3) the arresting law enforcement agency; |
|
(4) the arrest charge, by offense code and incident |
|
number; |
|
(5) whether the arrest charge is a misdemeanor or |
|
felony; |
|
(6) the date of the arrest; |
|
(7) the exact disposition of the case by a law |
|
enforcement agency following the arrest; and |
|
(8) the date of disposition of the case by the law |
|
enforcement agency. |
|
(d) Information in the computerized criminal history system |
|
relating to a prosecution must include: |
|
(1) each charged offense, by offense code and incident |
|
number; |
|
(2) the level of the offense charged or the degree of |
|
the offense charged for each offense in Subdivision (1); and |
|
(3) for a rejected case: |
|
(A) the date of rejection; |
|
(B) the offense code; |
|
(C) the incident number; and |
|
(D) whether the rejection is a result of a |
|
successful pretrial diversion program. |
|
(e) Information in the computerized criminal history system |
|
relating to the disposition of a case other than a rejected case |
|
must include: |
|
(1) the final pleading to each charged offense and the |
|
level of the offense; |
|
(2) a listing of each charged offense disposed of by |
|
the court and: |
|
(A) the date of disposition; |
|
(B) the offense code for the disposed charge and |
|
incident number; and |
|
(C) the type of disposition; and |
|
(3) for a conviction that is appealed, the final court |
|
decision and the final disposition of the offender's case on |
|
appeal. |
|
(f) Information in the computerized criminal history system |
|
relating to sentencing must include for each sentence: |
|
(1) the sentencing date; |
|
(2) the sentence for each offense, by offense code and |
|
incident number; |
|
(3) if the offender was sentenced to confinement: |
|
(A) the agency that receives custody of the |
|
offender; |
|
(B) the length of the sentence for each offense; |
|
and |
|
(C) if multiple sentences were ordered, whether |
|
the sentences were ordered to be served consecutively or |
|
concurrently; |
|
(4) if the offender was sentenced to pay a fine, the |
|
amount of the fine; |
|
(5) if a sentence to pay a fine or to confinement was |
|
ordered but was deferred, probated, suspended, or otherwise not |
|
imposed: |
|
(A) the length of the sentence or the amount of |
|
the fine that was deferred, probated, suspended, or otherwise not |
|
imposed; and |
|
(B) the offender's name, offense code, and |
|
incident number; and |
|
(6) if a sentence other than a fine or confinement was |
|
ordered, a description of the sentence ordered. |
|
(g) The Department of Public Safety shall maintain in the |
|
computerized criminal history system any information the |
|
department maintains in the central database under Article 62.005. |
|
(h) In addition to the information described by this |
|
article, information in the computerized criminal history system |
|
must include the age of the victim of the offense if the offender |
|
was arrested for or charged with an offense under the following |
|
provisions of the Penal Code: |
|
(1) Section 20.04(a)(4) (Aggravated Kidnapping), if |
|
the offender committed the offense with the intent to violate or |
|
abuse the victim sexually; |
|
(2) Section 20A.02 (Trafficking of Persons), if the |
|
offender: |
|
(A) trafficked a person with the intent or |
|
knowledge that the person would engage in sexual conduct, as |
|
defined by Section 43.25, Penal Code; or |
|
(B) benefited from participating in a venture |
|
that involved a trafficked person engaging in sexual conduct, as |
|
defined by Section 43.25, Penal Code; |
|
(3) Section 21.02 (Continuous Sexual Abuse of Young |
|
Child or Children); |
|
(4) Section 21.11 (Indecency with a Child); |
|
(5) Section 22.011 (Sexual Assault) or 22.021 |
|
(Aggravated Sexual Assault); |
|
(6) Section 30.02 (Burglary), if the offense is |
|
punishable under Subsection (d) of that section and the offender |
|
committed the offense with the intent to commit an offense |
|
described by Subdivision (1), (4), or (5); |
|
(7) Section 43.05(a)(2) (Compelling Prostitution); or |
|
(8) Section 43.25 (Sexual Performance by a Child). |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 60.01(2), (12), 60.051.) |
|
Art. 66.103. DUTIES OF TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
REGARDING CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION SYSTEM. Data received by |
|
the Texas Department of Criminal Justice that is required by the |
|
Department of Public Safety for the preparation of a criminal |
|
history record shall be made available to the computerized criminal |
|
history system not later than the seventh day after the date on |
|
which the Texas Department of Criminal Justice receives the request |
|
for the data from the Department of Public Safety. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 60.02(f) (part).) |
|
Art. 66.104. DUTIES OF LICENSING AGENCIES TO PROVIDE |
|
INFORMATION REGARDING LICENSE HOLDERS. (a) The Texas Medical |
|
Board, the Texas State Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners, the |
|
State Board of Dental Examiners, the Texas State Board of Pharmacy, |
|
the Texas State Board of Examiners of Psychologists, and the State |
|
Board of Veterinary Medical Examiners shall provide to the |
|
Department of Public Safety through electronic means, magnetic |
|
tape, or disk, as specified by the department, a list of each person |
|
licensed by the respective agency, including the person's name and |
|
date of birth and any other personal descriptive information |
|
required by the department. Each agency shall update the |
|
information and submit the updated information quarterly to the |
|
department. |
|
(b) The Department of Public Safety shall: |
|
(1) perform at least quarterly a computer match of the |
|
licensing list against the convictions maintained in the |
|
computerized criminal history system; and |
|
(2) report to the appropriate licensing agency for |
|
verification and administrative action, as considered appropriate |
|
by the licensing agency, the name of any person found to have a |
|
record of conviction, other than a defendant whose prosecution is |
|
deferred during a period of community supervision without an |
|
adjudication of guilt or a plea of guilty. |
|
(c) The Department of Public Safety may charge a licensing |
|
agency a fee not to exceed the actual direct cost incurred by the |
|
department in performing a computer match and reporting to the |
|
agency under Subsection (b). |
|
(d) The transmission of information by electronic means |
|
under Subsection (a) does not affect whether the information is |
|
subject to disclosure under Chapter 552, Government Code. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 60.061.) |
|
Art. 66.105. INFORMATION RELATED TO MISUSED IDENTITY. (a) |
|
On receipt of information from a local law enforcement agency under |
|
Article 2.28, the Department of Public Safety shall: |
|
(1) provide the notice described by Article 2.28(1) to |
|
the person whose identity was misused, if the local law enforcement |
|
agency was unable to notify the person under that subdivision; |
|
(2) take action to ensure that the information |
|
maintained in the computerized criminal history system reflects the |
|
use of the person's identity as a stolen alias; and |
|
(3) notify the Texas Department of Criminal Justice |
|
that the person's identifying information may have been falsely |
|
used by an inmate in the custody of the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice. |
|
(b) On receipt of a declaration under Section 411.0421, |
|
Government Code, or on receipt of information similar to that |
|
contained in a declaration filed under that section, the Department |
|
of Public Safety shall separate information maintained in the |
|
computerized criminal history system regarding an individual whose |
|
identity has been misused from information maintained in that |
|
system regarding the person who misused the identity. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 60.19.) |
|
Art. 66.106. INFORMATION RELATED TO NON-FINGERPRINT |
|
SUPPORTED ACTIONS. (a) On receipt of a report of prosecution or |
|
court disposition information from a jurisdiction for which |
|
corresponding arrest data does not exist in the computerized |
|
criminal history system, the Department of Public Safety shall |
|
enter the report into a non-fingerprint supported file that is |
|
separate from the computerized criminal history system. |
|
(b) The Department of Public Safety shall grant access to |
|
records in a non-fingerprint supported file created under |
|
Subsection (a) that include the subject's name or other identifier |
|
in the same manner as the department is required to grant access to |
|
criminal history record information under Subchapter F, Chapter |
|
411, Government Code. |
|
(c) On receipt of a report of arrest information that |
|
corresponds to a record in a non-fingerprint supported file created |
|
under Subsection (a), the Department of Public Safety shall |
|
transfer the record from the non-fingerprint supported file to the |
|
computerized criminal history system. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
60.20.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. CORRECTIONS TRACKING SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.151. CORRECTIONS TRACKING SYSTEM DATABASE. (a) |
|
The Texas Department of Criminal Justice shall record data and |
|
establish and maintain the corrections tracking system. |
|
(b) The corrections tracking system must contain the |
|
information required by this chapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. |
|
60.02(a), (d).) |
|
Art. 66.152. INFORMATION CONTAINED IN CORRECTIONS TRACKING |
|
SYSTEM. (a) Information in the corrections tracking system |
|
relating to a sentence to be served under the jurisdiction of the |
|
Texas Department of Criminal Justice must include: |
|
(1) the offender's name; |
|
(2) the offender's state identification number; |
|
(3) the sentencing date; |
|
(4) the sentence for each offense, by offense code and |
|
incident number; |
|
(5) if the offender was sentenced to imprisonment: |
|
(A) the unit of imprisonment; |
|
(B) the length of the sentence for each offense; |
|
and |
|
(C) if multiple sentences were ordered, whether |
|
the sentences were ordered to be served consecutively or |
|
concurrently; and |
|
(6) if a sentence other than a fine or imprisonment was |
|
ordered, a description of the sentence ordered. |
|
(b) Sentencing information in the corrections tracking |
|
system must also include the following information about each |
|
community supervision, including deferred adjudication community |
|
supervision, or other alternative to imprisonment ordered: |
|
(1) each conviction for which a sentence was ordered |
|
but was deferred, probated, suspended, or otherwise not imposed, by |
|
offense code and incident number; and |
|
(2) if a sentence or portion of a sentence of |
|
imprisonment was deferred, probated, suspended, or otherwise not |
|
imposed: |
|
(A) the offense, the sentence, and the amount of |
|
the sentence deferred, probated, suspended, or otherwise not |
|
imposed; |
|
(B) a statement of whether any return to |
|
imprisonment or confinement was a condition of community |
|
supervision or an alternative sentence; |
|
(C) the community supervision and corrections |
|
department exercising jurisdiction over the offender; |
|
(D) the date the offender was received by a |
|
community supervision and corrections department; |
|
(E) any program in which the offender is placed |
|
or has previously been placed and the level of supervision on which |
|
the offender is placed while under the jurisdiction of a community |
|
supervision and corrections department; |
|
(F) the date a program described by Paragraph (E) |
|
begins, the date the program ends, and whether the program was |
|
completed successfully; |
|
(G) the date a level of supervision described by |
|
Paragraph (E) begins and the date the level of supervision ends; |
|
(H) if the offender's community supervision is |
|
revoked: |
|
(i) the reason for the revocation and the |
|
date of revocation, by offense code and incident number; and |
|
(ii) other current sentences of community |
|
supervision or other alternatives to confinement that have not been |
|
revoked, by offense code and incident number; and |
|
(I) the date of the offender's release from the |
|
community supervision and corrections department. |
|
(c) Information in the corrections tracking system relating |
|
to the handling of offenders must include the following information |
|
about each imprisonment, confinement, or execution of an offender: |
|
(1) the date of the imprisonment or confinement; |
|
(2) if the offender was sentenced to death: |
|
(A) the date of execution; and |
|
(B) if the death sentence was commuted, the |
|
sentence to which the sentence of death was commuted and the date of |
|
commutation; |
|
(3) the date the offender was released from |
|
imprisonment or confinement and whether the release was a discharge |
|
or a release on parole or to mandatory supervision; |
|
(4) if the offender is released on parole or to |
|
mandatory supervision: |
|
(A) the offense for which the offender was |
|
convicted, by offense code and incident number; |
|
(B) the date the offender was received by an |
|
office of the parole division of the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice; |
|
(C) the county in which the offender resides |
|
while under supervision; |
|
(D) any program in which the offender is placed |
|
or has previously been placed and the level of supervision on which |
|
the offender is placed while under the jurisdiction of the parole |
|
division; |
|
(E) the date a program described by Paragraph (D) |
|
begins, the date the program ends, and whether the program was |
|
completed successfully; |
|
(F) the date a level of supervision described by |
|
Paragraph (D) begins and the date the level of supervision ends; |
|
(G) if the offender's release status is revoked, |
|
the reason for the revocation and the date of revocation; |
|
(H) the expiration date of the sentence; and |
|
(I) the date on which the offender is: |
|
(i) released from the parole division; or |
|
(ii) granted clemency; and |
|
(5) if the offender is released under Article |
|
42A.202(b), the date of the offender's release. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 60.052.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
INFORMATION SYSTEM |
|
Art. 66.201. ACCESS TO DATABASES BY CRIMINAL JUSTICE |
|
AGENCIES AND OTHER ENTITIES. (a) Criminal justice agencies, the |
|
Legislative Budget Board, and the council are entitled to access |
|
the databases of the Department of Public Safety, the Texas |
|
Juvenile Justice Department, and the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice in accordance with applicable state or federal law or |
|
regulations. |
|
(b) The access granted by this article does not entitle a |
|
criminal justice agency, the Legislative Budget Board, or the |
|
council to add, delete, or alter data maintained by another agency. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 60.03(a).) |
|
Art. 66.202. REQUEST FOR DATA FILE FROM DATABASES. |
|
(a) The council or the Legislative Budget Board may submit to the |
|
Department of Public Safety, the Texas Juvenile Justice Department, |
|
and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice an annual request for a |
|
data file containing data elements from the departments' systems. |
|
(b) The Department of Public Safety, the Texas Juvenile |
|
Justice Department, and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice |
|
shall provide the council and the Legislative Budget Board with the |
|
data file for the period requested, in accordance with state and |
|
federal law and regulations. |
|
(c) If the council submits a data file request other than |
|
the annual data file request, the director of the agency |
|
maintaining the requested records must approve the request. |
|
(d) The Legislative Budget Board may submit a data file |
|
request other than the annual data file request without the |
|
approval of the director of the agency maintaining the requested |
|
records. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 60.03(b).) |
|
Art. 66.203. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE OF DATA PROHIBITED. A |
|
criminal justice agency, the council, and the Legislative Budget |
|
Board may not disclose to the public information in an individual's |
|
criminal history record if the record is protected by state or |
|
federal law or regulation. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 60.03(c).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. DATA COLLECTION AND SUBMISSION |
|
Art. 66.251. UNIFORM INCIDENT FINGERPRINT CARD. (a) The |
|
Department of Public Safety, in consultation with the council, |
|
shall design, print, and distribute a uniform incident fingerprint |
|
card to each law enforcement agency in this state. |
|
(b) The uniform incident fingerprint card must be: |
|
(1) serially numbered with an incident number in such |
|
a manner that the individual incident of arrest may be readily |
|
ascertained; and |
|
(2) a multiple-part form that: |
|
(A) has space for information relating to each |
|
charge for which a person is arrested, the person's fingerprints, |
|
and other information relevant to the arrest; |
|
(B) can be transmitted with the offender through |
|
the criminal justice process; and |
|
(C) allows each law enforcement agency to report |
|
required data to the Department of Public Safety or the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice. |
|
(c) Subject to available telecommunications capacity, the |
|
Department of Public Safety shall develop the capability to receive |
|
the information on the uniform incident fingerprint card by |
|
electronic means from a law enforcement agency. The information |
|
must be in a form that is compatible with the form required for data |
|
supplied to the criminal justice information system. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Arts. 60.01(15), 60.07.) |
|
Art. 66.252. REPORTING OF INFORMATION BY LOCAL ENTITIES. |
|
(a) The Department of Public Safety and the Texas Department of |
|
Criminal Justice by rule shall develop reporting procedures that: |
|
(1) ensure that the offender processing data is |
|
reported from the time an offender is arrested until the time an |
|
offender is released; and |
|
(2) provide measures and policies designed to identify |
|
and eliminate redundant reporting of information to the criminal |
|
justice information system. |
|
(b) The arresting law enforcement agency shall prepare a |
|
uniform incident fingerprint card described by Article 66.251 and |
|
initiate the reporting process for each offender charged with a |
|
felony or a misdemeanor other than a misdemeanor punishable by fine |
|
only. |
|
(c) The clerk of the court exercising jurisdiction over a |
|
case shall report the disposition of the case to the Department of |
|
Public Safety. |
|
(d) Except as provided by Subsection (e) or as otherwise |
|
required by applicable state law or rule, information or data |
|
required by this chapter to be reported to the Department of Public |
|
Safety or the Texas Department of Criminal Justice shall be |
|
reported promptly but not later than the 30th day after the date on |
|
which the information or data is received by the agency responsible |
|
for reporting it. |
|
(e) An offender's arrest shall be reported to the Department |
|
of Public Safety not later than the seventh day after the date of |
|
the arrest. |
|
(f) A court that orders the release of an offender under |
|
Article 42A.202(b) when the offender is under a bench warrant and |
|
not physically imprisoned in the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice shall report the release to the department not later than |
|
the seventh day after the date of the release. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 60.08.) |
|
Art. 66.253. COMPATIBILITY OF DATA. (a) Data supplied to |
|
the criminal justice information system must: |
|
(1) be compatible with the system; and |
|
(2) contain both incident numbers and state |
|
identification numbers. |
|
(b) A discrete submission of information under this chapter |
|
must contain, in conjunction with the required information, the |
|
person's name and state identification number. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 60.04.) |
|
Art. 66.254. ELECTRONIC REPORTING OF INFORMATION. Whenever |
|
possible, information relating to dispositions and subsequent |
|
offender processing data shall be reported electronically. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 60.02(h).) |
|
Art. 66.255. INFORMATION ON SUBSEQUENT ARRESTS. The |
|
Department of Public Safety and the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice shall develop the capability to send by electronic means |
|
information about the subsequent arrest of a person under |
|
supervision to: |
|
(1) the community supervision and corrections |
|
department serving the court of original jurisdiction; or |
|
(2) the district parole office supervising the person. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 60.18.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. DUTIES OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGENCIES AND CERTAIN |
|
COURT CLERKS |
|
Art. 66.301. DUTIES OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGENCIES. (a) Each |
|
criminal justice agency shall: |
|
(1) compile and maintain records needed for reporting |
|
data required by the Department of Public Safety and the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice; |
|
(2) transmit to the Department of Public Safety and |
|
the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, when and in the manner |
|
each department directs, all data required by the appropriate |
|
department; |
|
(3) give the Department of Public Safety and the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice, or the departments' accredited |
|
agents, access to the agency for the purpose of inspection to |
|
determine the completeness and accuracy of data reported; |
|
(4) cooperate with the Department of Public Safety and |
|
the Texas Department of Criminal Justice so that each department |
|
may properly and efficiently perform the department's duties under |
|
this chapter; and |
|
(5) cooperate with the Department of Public Safety |
|
and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice to identify and |
|
eliminate redundant reporting of information to the criminal |
|
justice information system. |
|
(b) An optical disk or other technology may be used instead |
|
of microfilm as a medium to store information if allowed by the |
|
applicable state laws or rules relating to the archiving of state |
|
agency information. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 60.06(a), (d).) |
|
Art. 66.302. PUBLIC DISCLOSURE NOT AUTHORIZED. (a) An |
|
individual's identifiable description or a notation of an |
|
individual's arrest, detention, indictment, information, or other |
|
formal criminal charge and of any disposition of the charge, |
|
including sentencing, correctional supervision, and release, that |
|
is collected and compiled by the Department of Public Safety or the |
|
Texas Department of Criminal Justice from criminal justice agencies |
|
and maintained in a central location is not subject to public |
|
disclosure except as authorized by federal or state law or |
|
regulation. |
|
(b) Subsection (a) does not apply to a document maintained |
|
by a criminal justice agency that is the source of information |
|
collected by the Department of Public Safety or the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice. Each criminal justice agency shall |
|
retain the documents described by this subsection. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Arts. 60.06(b), (c).) |
|
Art. 66.303. PROHIBITED ACTS. An agency official may not |
|
intentionally conceal or destroy any record with the intent to |
|
violate this subchapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 60.06(e).) |
|
Art. 66.304. APPLICABILITY TO DISTRICT COURT AND COUNTY |
|
COURT CLERKS. The duties imposed on a criminal justice agency under |
|
this subchapter are also imposed on district court and county court |
|
clerks. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 60.06(f).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER H. OVERSIGHT AND REPORTING |
|
Art. 66.351. BIENNIAL PLANS. The Department of Public |
|
Safety and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice, with advice |
|
from the council and the Department of Information Resources, shall |
|
develop biennial plans to: |
|
(1) improve the reporting and accuracy of the criminal |
|
justice information system; and |
|
(2) develop and maintain monitoring systems capable of |
|
identifying missing information. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
60.02(i).) |
|
Art. 66.352. EXAMINATION OF RECORDS AND OPERATIONS. (a) At |
|
least once during each five-year period, the council shall |
|
coordinate an examination of the records and operations of the |
|
criminal justice information system to ensure: |
|
(1) the accuracy and completeness of information in |
|
the system; and |
|
(2) the promptness of information reporting. |
|
(b) The state auditor or other appropriate entity selected |
|
by the council shall conduct the examination under Subsection (a) |
|
with the cooperation of the council, the Department of Public |
|
Safety, and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. |
|
(c) The council, the Department of Public Safety, and the |
|
Texas Department of Criminal Justice may examine the records of the |
|
agencies required to report information to the Department of Public |
|
Safety or the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. |
|
(d) The examining entity under Subsection (b) shall submit |
|
to the legislature and the council a report that summarizes the |
|
findings of each examination and contains recommendations for |
|
improving the criminal justice information system. |
|
(e) Not later than the first anniversary of the date the |
|
examining entity under Subsection (b) submits a report under |
|
Subsection (d), the Department of Public Safety shall report to the |
|
Legislative Budget Board, the governor, and the council the |
|
department's progress in implementing the examining entity's |
|
recommendations, including the reason for not implementing any |
|
recommendation. |
|
(f) Each year following the submission of the report |
|
described by Subsection (e), the Department of Public Safety shall |
|
submit a similar report until each of the examining entity's |
|
recommendations is implemented. |
|
(g) Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, |
|
work performed under this article by the state auditor is subject to |
|
approval by the legislative audit committee for inclusion in the |
|
audit plan under Section 321.013(c), Government Code. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Arts. 60.02(j), (m).) |
|
Art. 66.353. MONITORING AND REPORTING DUTIES OF DEPARTMENT |
|
OF PUBLIC SAFETY. (a) The Department of Public Safety shall: |
|
(1) monitor the submission of arrest and disposition |
|
information by local jurisdictions; |
|
(2) annually submit to the Legislative Budget Board, |
|
the governor, the lieutenant governor, the state auditor, and the |
|
standing committees in the senate and house of representatives with |
|
primary jurisdiction over criminal justice and the department a |
|
report regarding the level of reporting by local jurisdictions; |
|
(3) identify local jurisdictions that do not report |
|
arrest or disposition information or that partially report |
|
information; and |
|
(4) for use in determining the status of outstanding |
|
dispositions, publish monthly on the department's Internet website |
|
or in another electronic publication a report listing by local |
|
jurisdiction each arrest for which there is no corresponding final |
|
court disposition. |
|
(b) The report described by Subsection (a)(2) must contain a |
|
disposition completeness percentage for each county in this state. |
|
For purposes of this subsection, "disposition completeness |
|
percentage" means the percentage of arrest charges a county reports |
|
to the Department of Public Safety, to be entered in the |
|
computerized criminal history system under this chapter, that were |
|
brought against a person in the county and for which a disposition |
|
has been subsequently reported and entered in the computerized |
|
criminal history system. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 60.21(b), (c).) |
|
Art. 66.354. LOCAL DATA ADVISORY BOARDS. (a) The |
|
commissioners court of each county may create a local data advisory |
|
board to: |
|
(1) analyze the structure of local automated and |
|
manual data systems to identify redundant data entry and data |
|
storage; |
|
(2) develop recommendations for the commissioners to |
|
improve the local data systems; |
|
(3) develop recommendations, when appropriate, for |
|
the effective electronic transfer of required data from local |
|
agencies to state agencies; and |
|
(4) perform any related duties to be determined by the |
|
commissioners court. |
|
(b) Local officials responsible for collecting, storing, |
|
reporting, and using data may be appointed to a local data advisory |
|
board. |
|
(c) The council and the Department of Public Safety shall, |
|
to the extent that resources allow, provide technical assistance |
|
and advice on the request of a local data advisory board. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 60.09.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER I. GRANTS |
|
Art. 66.401. GRANTS FOR CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROGRAMS. The |
|
council, the Department of Public Safety, the criminal justice |
|
division of the governor's office, and the Department of |
|
Information Resources cooperatively shall develop and adopt a grant |
|
program, to be implemented by the criminal justice division at a |
|
time and in a manner determined by the division, to aid local law |
|
enforcement agencies, prosecutors, and court personnel in |
|
obtaining equipment and training necessary to operate a |
|
telecommunications network capable of: |
|
(1) making inquiries to and receiving responses from |
|
the statewide automated fingerprint identification system and from |
|
the computerized criminal history system; and |
|
(2) transmitting information to those systems. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 60.02(k).) |
|
Art. 66.402. CERTIFICATION REQUIRED. Before allocating |
|
money to a county from any federal or state grant program for the |
|
enhancement of criminal justice programs, an agency of the state |
|
must certify that, using all or part of the allocated money, the |
|
county has taken or will take all action necessary to provide the |
|
Department of Public Safety and the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice any criminal history records maintained by the county in |
|
the manner specified for purposes of those departments. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 60.14.) |
|
SECTION 1.04. Title 1, Code of Criminal Procedure, is amended by adding Chapter 67 to read as follows: |
|
|
|
CHAPTER 67. COMPILATION OF INFORMATION PERTAINING TO COMBINATIONS |
|
AND CRIMINAL STREET GANGS |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 67.001. DEFINITIONS |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. INTELLIGENCE DATABASES |
|
Art. 67.051. INTELLIGENCE DATABASES REQUIRED |
|
Art. 67.052. DEPARTMENT INTELLIGENCE DATABASE |
|
Art. 67.053. INTELLIGENCE DATABASE USER TRAINING; |
|
RULES |
|
Art. 67.054. SUBMISSION CRITERIA |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. RELEASE AND USE OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.101. RELEASE AND USE OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.102. CRIMINAL INFORMATION RELATING TO CHILD |
|
Art. 67.103. UNAUTHORIZED RELEASE OR USE OF CRIMINAL |
|
INFORMATION; PENALTY |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. REMOVAL OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.151. REMOVAL OF INFORMATION RELATING TO |
|
INDIVIDUAL OTHER THAN CHILD |
|
Art. 67.152. REMOVAL OF INFORMATION RELATING TO CHILD |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. RIGHTS OF SUBJECT OF CRIMINAL INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.201. RIGHT TO REQUEST EXISTENCE OF CRIMINAL |
|
INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.202. RIGHT TO REQUEST REVIEW OF CRIMINAL |
|
INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.203. JUDICIAL REVIEW |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. GANG RESOURCE SYSTEM |
|
Art. 67.251. ESTABLISHMENT OF GANG RESOURCE SYSTEM |
|
Art. 67.252. INFORMATION INCLUDED IN GANG RESOURCE |
|
SYSTEM |
|
Art. 67.253. INCLUSION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION PROHIBITED |
|
Art. 67.254. COLLECTION OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.255. USE OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.256. ACCESS TO INFORMATION |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. TEXAS VIOLENT GANG TASK FORCE |
|
Art. 67.301. DEFINITION |
|
Art. 67.302. PURPOSE |
|
Art. 67.303. TASK FORCE MEMBERS |
|
Art. 67.304. DUTIES OF TASK FORCE |
|
Art. 67.305. DUTIES OF DEPARTMENT REGARDING TASK FORCE |
|
CHAPTER 67. COMPILATION OF INFORMATION PERTAINING TO COMBINATIONS |
|
AND CRIMINAL STREET GANGS |
|
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS |
|
Art. 67.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: |
|
(1) "Administration of criminal justice" has the |
|
meaning assigned by Article 66.001. |
|
(2) "Child" has the meaning assigned by Section 51.02, |
|
Family Code. |
|
(3) "Combination" has the meaning assigned by Section |
|
71.01, Penal Code. |
|
(4) "Criminal activity" means conduct that is subject |
|
to prosecution. |
|
(5) "Criminal information" means facts, material, |
|
photographs, or data reasonably related to the investigation or |
|
prosecution of criminal activity. |
|
(6) "Criminal justice agency" means: |
|
(A) an entity defined as a criminal justice |
|
agency under Article 66.001; or |
|
(B) a municipal or county agency, or school |
|
district law enforcement agency, that is engaged in the |
|
administration of criminal justice under a statute or executive |
|
order. |
|
(7) "Criminal street gang" has the meaning assigned by |
|
Section 71.01, Penal Code. |
|
(8) "Department" means the Department of Public Safety |
|
of the State of Texas. |
|
(9) "Intelligence database" means a collection or |
|
compilation of data organized for search and retrieval to evaluate, |
|
analyze, disseminate, or use intelligence information relating to a |
|
combination or criminal street gang for the purpose of |
|
investigating or prosecuting a criminal offense. |
|
(10) "Juvenile justice agency" has the meaning |
|
assigned by Section 58.101, Family Code. |
|
(11) "Law enforcement agency" does not include the |
|
Texas Department of Criminal Justice, the Texas Juvenile Justice |
|
Department, or a local juvenile probation department. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 61.01.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER B. INTELLIGENCE DATABASES |
|
Art. 67.051. INTELLIGENCE DATABASES REQUIRED. (a) Subject |
|
to Subsection (b), a criminal justice agency or juvenile justice |
|
agency shall compile criminal information into an intelligence |
|
database for the purpose of investigating or prosecuting the |
|
criminal activities of combinations or criminal street gangs. |
|
(b) A law enforcement agency in a municipality with a |
|
population of 50,000 or more or in a county with a population of |
|
100,000 or more shall compile and maintain in a local or regional |
|
intelligence database criminal information relating to a criminal |
|
street gang as provided by Subsection (a). The agency must compile |
|
and maintain the information in accordance with the criminal |
|
intelligence systems operating policies established under 28 |
|
C.F.R. Section 23.1 et seq. and the submission criteria established |
|
under Article 67.054(b). |
|
(c) Information described by this article may be compiled on |
|
paper, by computer, or in any other useful manner by a criminal |
|
justice agency, juvenile justice agency, or law enforcement agency. |
|
(d) A local law enforcement agency described by Subsection |
|
(b) shall send to the department information the agency compiles |
|
and maintains under this chapter. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. |
|
61.02(a), (b), (b-1), 61.03(c).) |
|
Art. 67.052. DEPARTMENT INTELLIGENCE DATABASE. (a) The |
|
department shall establish an intelligence database and shall |
|
maintain information received from an agency under Article |
|
67.051(d) in the database in accordance with the criminal |
|
intelligence systems operating policies established under 28 |
|
C.F.R. Section 23.1 et seq. and the submission criteria under |
|
Article 67.054(b). |
|
(b) The department shall designate a code to distinguish |
|
criminal information relating to a child and contained in the |
|
department's intelligence database from criminal information |
|
relating to an adult offender and contained in the database. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Arts. 61.02(b) (part), 61.03(d), (e).) |
|
Art. 67.053. INTELLIGENCE DATABASE USER TRAINING; RULES. |
|
(a) The department shall enter into a memorandum of understanding |
|
with the United States Department of Justice or other appropriate |
|
federal department or agency to provide any person in this state who |
|
enters information into or retrieves information from an |
|
intelligence database described by this chapter with training |
|
regarding the operating principles described by 28 C.F.R. Part 23, |
|
as those principles relate to an intelligence database established |
|
or maintained under this chapter. |
|
(b) A person in this state who enters information into or |
|
retrieves information from an intelligence database described by |
|
this chapter shall complete continuing education training on the |
|
material described by Subsection (a) at least once for each |
|
continuous two-year period the person has primary responsibility |
|
for performing a function described by this subsection. |
|
(c) The department shall adopt rules necessary to implement |
|
this article. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.12.) |
|
Art. 67.054. SUBMISSION CRITERIA. (a) In this article: |
|
(1) "Family member" means a person related to another |
|
person within the third degree by consanguinity or affinity, as |
|
described by Subchapter B, Chapter 573, Government Code, except |
|
that the term does not include a person who is considered to be |
|
related to another person by affinity only as described by Section |
|
573.024(b), Government Code. |
|
(2) "Penal institution" means: |
|
(A) a confinement facility operated by or under |
|
contract with any division of the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice; |
|
(B) a confinement facility operated by or under |
|
contract with the Texas Juvenile Justice Department; |
|
(C) a juvenile secure pre-adjudication or |
|
post-adjudication facility operated by or under a local juvenile |
|
probation department; or |
|
(D) a county jail. |
|
(b) Criminal information collected under this chapter |
|
relating to a criminal street gang must: |
|
(1) be relevant to the identification of an |
|
organization that is reasonably suspected of involvement in |
|
criminal activity; and |
|
(2) consist of: |
|
(A) a judgment under any law that includes, as a |
|
finding or as an element of a criminal offense, participation in a |
|
criminal street gang; |
|
(B) a self-admission by an individual of criminal |
|
street gang membership that is made during a judicial proceeding; |
|
or |
|
(C) except as provided by Subsection (c), any two |
|
of the following: |
|
(i) a self-admission by the individual of |
|
criminal street gang membership that is not made during a judicial |
|
proceeding, including the use of the Internet or other electronic |
|
format or medium to post photographs or other documentation |
|
identifying the individual as a member of a criminal street gang; |
|
(ii) an identification of the individual as |
|
a criminal street gang member by a reliable informant or other |
|
individual; |
|
(iii) a corroborated identification of the |
|
individual as a criminal street gang member by an informant or other |
|
individual of unknown reliability; |
|
(iv) evidence that the individual frequents |
|
a documented area of a criminal street gang and associates with |
|
known criminal street gang members; |
|
(v) evidence that the individual uses, in |
|
more than an incidental manner, criminal street gang dress, hand |
|
signals, tattoos, or symbols, including expressions of letters, |
|
numbers, words, or marks, regardless of how or the means by which |
|
the symbols are displayed, that are associated with a criminal |
|
street gang that operates in an area frequented by the individual |
|
and described by Subparagraph (iv); |
|
(vi) evidence that the individual has been |
|
arrested or taken into custody with known criminal street gang |
|
members for an offense or conduct consistent with criminal street |
|
gang activity; |
|
(vii) evidence that the individual has |
|
visited a known criminal street gang member, other than a family |
|
member of the individual, while the gang member is confined in or |
|
committed to a penal institution; or |
|
(viii) evidence of the individual's use of |
|
technology, including the Internet, to recruit new criminal street |
|
gang members. |
|
(c) Evidence described by Subsections (b)(2)(C)(iv) and |
|
(vii) is not sufficient to create the eligibility of a person's |
|
information to be included in an intelligence database described by |
|
this chapter unless the evidence is combined with information |
|
described by another subparagraph of Subsection (b)(2)(C). (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Arts. 61.02(c), (d), (e).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER C. RELEASE AND USE OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.101. RELEASE AND USE OF INFORMATION. (a) On |
|
request, a criminal justice agency may release information |
|
maintained under this chapter to: |
|
(1) another criminal justice agency; |
|
(2) a court; or |
|
(3) a defendant in a criminal proceeding who is |
|
entitled to the discovery of the information under Chapter 39. |
|
(b) A criminal justice agency or court may use information |
|
received under this article or Article 67.051(d) or 67.052 only for |
|
the administration of criminal justice. |
|
(c) A defendant may use information received under this |
|
article or Article 67.051(d) or 67.052 only for a defense in a |
|
criminal proceeding. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 61.03(a), (b).) |
|
Art. 67.102. CRIMINAL INFORMATION RELATING TO CHILD. (a) |
|
Notwithstanding Chapter 58, Family Code, criminal information |
|
relating to a child associated with a combination or criminal |
|
street gang may be compiled and released under this chapter |
|
regardless of the age of the child. |
|
(b) A criminal justice agency or juvenile justice agency may |
|
release information maintained under this chapter to an attorney |
|
representing a child who is a party to a proceeding under Title 3, |
|
Family Code, if the juvenile court determines the information: |
|
(1) is material to the proceeding; and |
|
(2) is not privileged under law. |
|
(c) An attorney may use information received under this |
|
article only for a child's defense in a proceeding under Title 3, |
|
Family Code. |
|
(d) The governing body of a county or municipality served by |
|
a law enforcement agency described by Article 67.051(b) may adopt a |
|
policy to notify the parent or guardian of a child of the agency's |
|
observations relating to the child's association with a criminal |
|
street gang. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.04.) |
|
Art. 67.103. UNAUTHORIZED RELEASE OR USE OF CRIMINAL |
|
INFORMATION; PENALTY. (a) A person commits an offense if the |
|
person knowingly: |
|
(1) uses criminal information obtained under this |
|
chapter for an unauthorized purpose; or |
|
(2) releases the information to a person who is not |
|
entitled to the information. |
|
(b) An offense under this article is a Class A misdemeanor. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.05.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER D. REMOVAL OF INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.151. REMOVAL OF INFORMATION RELATING TO INDIVIDUAL |
|
OTHER THAN CHILD. (a) This article does not apply to information |
|
collected under this chapter by the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice or the Texas Juvenile Justice Department. |
|
(b) Subject to Subsection (c), information collected under |
|
this chapter relating to a criminal street gang must be removed |
|
after five years from an intelligence database established under |
|
Article 67.051 and the intelligence database maintained by the |
|
department under Article 67.052 if: |
|
(1) the information relates to the investigation or |
|
prosecution of criminal activity engaged in by an individual other |
|
than a child; and |
|
(2) the individual who is the subject of the |
|
information has not been arrested for criminal activity reported to |
|
the department under Chapter 66. |
|
(c) The five-year period described by Subsection (b) does |
|
not include any period during which the individual who is the |
|
subject of the information is: |
|
(1) confined in a correctional facility operated by or |
|
under contract with the Texas Department of Criminal Justice; |
|
(2) committed to a secure correctional facility, as |
|
defined by Section 51.02, Family Code, operated by or under |
|
contract with the Texas Juvenile Justice Department; or |
|
(3) confined in a county jail or confined in or |
|
committed to a facility operated by a juvenile board in lieu of |
|
being confined in a correctional facility described by Subdivision |
|
(1) or committed to a secure correctional facility described by |
|
Subdivision (2). (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.06.) |
|
Art. 67.152. REMOVAL OF INFORMATION RELATING TO CHILD. (a) |
|
This article does not apply to information collected under this |
|
chapter by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice or the Texas |
|
Juvenile Justice Department. |
|
(b) Subject to Subsection (c), information collected under |
|
this chapter relating to a criminal street gang must be removed |
|
after two years from an intelligence database established under |
|
Article 67.051 and the intelligence database maintained by the |
|
department under Article 67.052 if: |
|
(1) the information relates to the investigation or |
|
prosecution of criminal activity engaged in by a child; and |
|
(2) the child who is the subject of the information has |
|
not been: |
|
(A) arrested for criminal activity reported to |
|
the department under Chapter 66; or |
|
(B) taken into custody for delinquent conduct |
|
reported to the department under Chapter 58, Family Code. |
|
(c) The two-year period described by Subsection (b) does not |
|
include any period during which the child who is the subject of the |
|
information is: |
|
(1) committed to the Texas Juvenile Justice Department |
|
for conduct that violates a penal law of the grade of felony; or |
|
(2) confined in the Texas Department of Criminal |
|
Justice. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.07.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER E. RIGHTS OF SUBJECT OF CRIMINAL INFORMATION |
|
Art. 67.201. RIGHT TO REQUEST EXISTENCE OF CRIMINAL |
|
INFORMATION. (a) A person or the parent or guardian of a child may |
|
request that a law enforcement agency determine whether the agency |
|
has collected or is maintaining, under submission criteria |
|
established under Article 67.054(b), criminal information relating |
|
solely to the person or child. The law enforcement agency shall |
|
respond to the request not later than the 10th business day after |
|
the date the agency receives the request. |
|
(b) Before responding to a request under Subsection (a), a |
|
law enforcement agency may require reasonable written verification |
|
of the identity of the person making the request and the |
|
relationship between the parent or guardian and the child, if |
|
applicable, including written verification of an address, date of |
|
birth, driver's license number, state identification card number, |
|
or social security number. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.075.) |
|
Art. 67.202. RIGHT TO REQUEST REVIEW OF CRIMINAL |
|
INFORMATION. (a) On receipt of a written request of a person or the |
|
parent or guardian of a child that includes a showing by the person |
|
or the parent or guardian that a law enforcement agency may have |
|
collected criminal information under this chapter relating to the |
|
person or child that is inaccurate or does not comply with the |
|
submission criteria under Article 67.054(b), the head of the agency |
|
or the designee of the agency head shall review criminal |
|
information collected by the agency under this chapter relating to |
|
the person or child to determine if: |
|
(1) reasonable suspicion exists to believe that the |
|
information is accurate; and |
|
(2) the information complies with the submission |
|
criteria established under Article 67.054(b). |
|
(b) If, after conducting a review of criminal information |
|
under Subsection (a), the agency head or designee determines that |
|
reasonable suspicion does not exist to believe that the information |
|
is accurate, or determines that the information does not comply |
|
with the submission criteria, the agency shall: |
|
(1) destroy all records containing the information; |
|
and |
|
(2) notify the department and the person who requested |
|
the review of the agency's determination and the destruction of the |
|
records. |
|
(c) If, after conducting a review of criminal information |
|
under Subsection (a), the agency head or designee determines that |
|
reasonable suspicion exists to believe that the information is |
|
accurate, and determines that the information complies with the |
|
submission criteria, the agency shall notify the person who |
|
requested the review: |
|
(1) of the agency's determination; and |
|
(2) that the person is entitled to seek judicial |
|
review of the agency's determination under Article 67.203. |
|
(d) On receipt of notice under Subsection (b)(2), the |
|
department immediately shall destroy all records containing the |
|
information that is the subject of the notice in the intelligence |
|
database maintained by the department under Article 67.052. |
|
(e) A person who is committed to the Texas Juvenile Justice |
|
Department or confined in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice |
|
does not, while committed or confined, have the right to request |
|
review of criminal information under this article. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 61.08.) |
|
Art. 67.203. JUDICIAL REVIEW. (a) A person who is entitled |
|
to seek judicial review of a determination made under Article |
|
67.202(c) may file a petition for review in district court in the |
|
county in which the person resides. |
|
(b) On the filing of a petition for review under Subsection |
|
(a), the district court shall conduct an in camera review of the |
|
criminal information that is the subject of the determination to |
|
determine if: |
|
(1) reasonable suspicion exists to believe that the |
|
information is accurate; and |
|
(2) the information complies with the submission |
|
criteria under Article 67.054(b). |
|
(c) If, after conducting an in camera review of criminal |
|
information under Subsection (b), the court finds that reasonable |
|
suspicion does not exist to believe that the information is |
|
accurate, or finds that the information does not comply with the |
|
submission criteria, the court shall: |
|
(1) order the law enforcement agency that collected |
|
the information to destroy all records containing the information; |
|
and |
|
(2) notify the department of the court's determination |
|
and the destruction of the records. |
|
(d) A petitioner may appeal a final judgment of a district |
|
court conducting an in camera review under this article. |
|
(e) Information that is the subject of an in camera review |
|
under this article is confidential and may not be disclosed. (Code |
|
Crim. Proc., Art. 61.09.) |
|
SUBCHAPTER F. GANG RESOURCE SYSTEM |
|
Art. 67.251. ESTABLISHMENT OF GANG RESOURCE SYSTEM. The |
|
office of the attorney general shall establish an electronic gang |
|
resource system to provide criminal justice agencies and juvenile |
|
justice agencies with information about criminal street gangs in |
|
this state. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.11(a) (part).) |
|
Art. 67.252. INFORMATION INCLUDED IN GANG RESOURCE SYSTEM. |
|
(a) The gang resource system established under Article 67.251 may |
|
include the following information with regard to any gang: |
|
(1) gang name; |
|
(2) gang identifiers, such as colors used, tattoos, |
|
and clothing preferences; |
|
(3) criminal activities; |
|
(4) migration trends; |
|
(5) recruitment activities; and |
|
(6) a local law enforcement contact. |
|
(b) Information in the gang resource system shall be |
|
accessible according to: |
|
(1) municipality or county; and |
|
(2) gang name. |
|
(c) The office of the attorney general may coordinate with |
|
the Texas Department of Criminal Justice to include information in |
|
the gang resource system regarding groups that have been identified |
|
by the Security Threat Group Management Office of the Texas |
|
Department of Criminal Justice. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 61.11(a) |
|
(part), (g), (h).) |
|
Art. 67.253. INCLUSION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION PROHIBITED. |
|
Information relating to the identity of a specific offender or |
|
alleged offender may not be maintained in the gang resource system. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.11(d).) |
|
Art. 67.254. COLLECTION OF INFORMATION. (a) On request by |
|
the office of the attorney general, a criminal justice agency or |
|
juvenile justice agency shall make a reasonable attempt to provide |
|
gang information to the office of the attorney general for the |
|
purpose of maintaining an updated, comprehensive gang resource |
|
system. |
|
(b) The office of the attorney general shall cooperate with |
|
criminal justice agencies and juvenile justice agencies in |
|
collecting and maintaining the accuracy of the information included |
|
in the gang resource system. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 61.11(b), |
|
(c).) |
|
Art. 67.255. USE OF INFORMATION. Information in the gang |
|
resource system may be used in investigating gang-related crimes. |
|
Information from the system may be included in an affidavit or |
|
subpoena or used in connection with any other legal or judicial |
|
proceeding only if the information is corroborated by information |
|
not provided by or maintained in the system. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 61.11(e).) |
|
Art. 67.256. ACCESS TO INFORMATION. Access to the gang |
|
resource system shall be limited to criminal justice agency |
|
personnel and juvenile justice agency personnel. (Code Crim. |
|
Proc., Art. 61.11(f).) |
|
SUBCHAPTER G. TEXAS VIOLENT GANG TASK FORCE |
|
Art. 67.301. DEFINITION. In this subchapter, "task force" |
|
means the Texas Violent Gang Task Force. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. |
|
61.10(a).) |
|
Art. 67.302. PURPOSE. The purpose of the task force is to |
|
form a strategic partnership among local, state, and federal |
|
criminal justice, juvenile justice, and correctional agencies to |
|
better enable those agencies to take a proactive stance toward |
|
tracking gang activity and the growth and spread of gangs |
|
statewide. (Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.10(b).) |
|
Art. 67.303. TASK FORCE MEMBERS. The task force shall |
|
consist of: |
|
(1) a representative of the department designated by |
|
the director of the department; |
|
(2) two representatives of the Texas Department of |
|
Criminal Justice, including a representative of the parole |
|
division, designated by the executive director of that agency; |
|
(3) a representative of the office of the inspector |
|
general of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice designated by |
|
the inspector general; |
|
(4) two representatives of the Texas Juvenile Justice |
|
Department designated by the executive director of that agency; |
|
(5) a representative of the office of the attorney |
|
general designated by the attorney general; |
|
(6) six representatives who are local law enforcement |
|
officers or local community supervision personnel, including |
|
juvenile probation personnel, designated by the governor; |
|
(7) two representatives who are local prosecutors |
|
designated by the governor; and |
|
(8) a representative of the Texas Alcoholic Beverage |
|
Commission designated by the executive director of that agency. |
|
(Code Crim. Proc., Art. 61.10(f).) |
|
Art. 67.304. DUTIES OF TASK FORCE. (a) The task force |
|
shall focus its efforts on: |
|
(1) developing, through regional task force meetings, |
|
a statewide networking system that will provide timely access to |
|
gang information; |
|
(2) establishing communication between different |
|
criminal justice, juvenile justice, and correctional agencies, |
|
combining independent agency resources, and joining agencies |
|
together in a cooperative effort to focus on gang membership, gang |
|
activity, and gang migration trends; and |
|
(3) forming a working group of criminal justice, |
|
juvenile justice, and correctional representatives from throughout |
|
this state to discuss specific cases and investigations involving |
|
gangs and other related gang activities. |
|
(b) The task force may take any other actions necessary to |
|
accomplish the purposes of this subchapter. |
|
(c) If practicable, the task force shall consult with |
|
representatives from one or more United States attorneys' offices |
|
in this state and with representatives from the following federal |
|
agencies who are available and assigned to a duty station in this |
|
state: |
|
(1) the Federal Bureau of Investigation; |
|
(2) the Federal Bureau of Prisons; |
|
(3) the United States Drug Enforcement |
|
Administration; |
|
(4) United States Immigration and Customs |
|
Enforcement; |
|
(5) United States Customs and Border Protection; |
|
(6) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and |
|
Explosives; |
|
(7) the United States Marshals Service; and |
|
(8) the United States Probation and Pretrial Services |
|
System. (Code Crim. Proc., Arts. 61.10(c), (d), (g).) |
|
Art. 67.305. DUTIES OF DEPARTMENT REGARDING TASK FORCE. |
|
The department shall support the task force to assist in |
|
coordinating statewide antigang initiatives. (Code Crim. Proc., |
|
Art. 61.10(e).) |
|
ARTICLE 2. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS FOR ARTICLES 18.20 AND 18.21, |
|
CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE: CHAPTER 16, PENAL CODE |
|
SECTION 2.01. Sections 16.02(a), (b), (c), (d), (e), and |
|
(e-1), Penal Code, are amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) In this section: |
|
(1) "Communication [, "computer trespasser," "covert
|
|
entry," "communication] common carrier," "computer trespasser," |
|
"contents," "covert entry," "electronic communication," |
|
["electronic, mechanical, or other device," "immediate
|
|
life-threatening situation,"] "intercept," "interception device," |
|
"investigative or law enforcement officer," ["member of a law
|
|
enforcement unit specially trained to respond to and deal with
|
|
life-threatening situations,"] "oral communication," "protected |
|
computer," ["readily accessible to the general public,"] and "wire |
|
communication" have the meanings assigned by [given those terms in] |
|
Article 18A.001 [18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(2) "Immediate life-threatening situation" and |
|
"member of a law enforcement unit specially trained to respond to |
|
and deal with life-threatening situations" have the meanings |
|
assigned by Article 18A.201, Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(3) "Readily accessible to the general public" means, |
|
with respect to a radio communication, a communication that is not: |
|
(A) scrambled or encrypted; |
|
(B) transmitted using modulation techniques |
|
whose essential parameters have been withheld from the public with |
|
the intention of preserving the privacy of the communication; |
|
(C) carried on a subcarrier or other signal |
|
subsidiary to a radio transmission; |
|
(D) transmitted over a communication system |
|
provided by a common carrier, unless the communication is a |
|
tone-only paging system communication; |
|
(E) transmitted on frequencies allocated under |
|
Part 25, Subpart D, E, or F of Part 74, or Part 94 of the rules of the |
|
Federal Communications Commission, unless, in the case of a |
|
communication transmitted on a frequency allocated under Part 74 |
|
that is not exclusively allocated to broadcast auxiliary services, |
|
the communication is a two-way voice communication by radio; or |
|
(F) an electronic communication. |
|
(b) A person commits an offense if the person: |
|
(1) intentionally intercepts, endeavors to intercept, |
|
or procures another person to intercept or endeavor to intercept a |
|
wire, oral, or electronic communication; |
|
(2) intentionally discloses or endeavors to disclose |
|
to another person the contents of a wire, oral, or electronic |
|
communication if the person knows or has reason to know the |
|
information was obtained through the interception of a wire, oral, |
|
or electronic communication in violation of this subsection; |
|
(3) intentionally uses or endeavors to use the |
|
contents of a wire, oral, or electronic communication if the person |
|
knows or is reckless about whether the information was obtained |
|
through the interception of a wire, oral, or electronic |
|
communication in violation of this subsection; |
|
(4) knowingly or intentionally effects a covert entry |
|
for the purpose of intercepting wire, oral, or electronic |
|
communications without court order or authorization; or |
|
(5) intentionally uses, endeavors to use, or procures |
|
any other person to use or endeavor to use any interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] device to intercept any oral |
|
communication when the device: |
|
(A) is affixed to, or otherwise transmits a |
|
signal through a wire, cable, or other connection used in wire |
|
communications; or |
|
(B) transmits communications by radio or |
|
interferes with the transmission of communications by radio. |
|
(c) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under |
|
Subsection (b) that: |
|
(1) an operator of a switchboard or an officer, |
|
employee, or agent of a communication common carrier whose |
|
facilities are used in the transmission of a wire or electronic |
|
communication intercepts a communication or discloses or uses an |
|
intercepted communication in the normal course of employment while |
|
engaged in an activity that is a necessary incident to the rendition |
|
of service or to the protection of the rights or property of the |
|
carrier of the communication, unless the interception results from |
|
the communication common carrier's use of service observing or |
|
random monitoring for purposes other than mechanical or service |
|
quality control checks; |
|
(2) an officer, employee, or agent of a communication |
|
common carrier provides information, facilities, or technical |
|
assistance to an investigative or law enforcement officer who is |
|
authorized as provided by this section to intercept a wire, oral, or |
|
electronic communication; |
|
(3) a person acting under color of law intercepts: |
|
(A) a wire, oral, or electronic communication, if |
|
the person is a party to the communication or if one of the parties |
|
to the communication has given prior consent to the interception; |
|
(B) a wire, oral, or electronic communication, if |
|
the person is acting under the authority of Chapter 18A [Article
|
|
18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure; or |
|
(C) a wire or electronic communication made by a |
|
computer trespasser and transmitted to, through, or from a |
|
protected computer, if: |
|
(i) the interception did not acquire a |
|
communication other than one transmitted to or from the computer |
|
trespasser; |
|
(ii) the owner of the protected computer |
|
consented to the interception of the computer trespasser's |
|
communications on the protected computer; and |
|
(iii) the actor was lawfully engaged in an |
|
ongoing criminal investigation and the actor had reasonable |
|
suspicion to believe that the contents of the computer trespasser's |
|
communications likely to be obtained would be material to the |
|
investigation; |
|
(4) a person not acting under color of law intercepts a |
|
wire, oral, or electronic communication, if: |
|
(A) the person is a party to the communication; |
|
or |
|
(B) one of the parties to the communication has |
|
given prior consent to the interception, unless the communication |
|
is intercepted for the purpose of committing an unlawful act; |
|
(5) a person acting under color of law intercepts a |
|
wire, oral, or electronic communication if: |
|
(A) oral or written consent for the interception |
|
is given by a magistrate before the interception; |
|
(B) an immediate life-threatening situation |
|
exists; |
|
(C) the person is a member of a law enforcement |
|
unit specially trained to: |
|
(i) respond to and deal with |
|
life-threatening situations; or |
|
(ii) install interception [electronic,
|
|
mechanical, or other] devices; and |
|
(D) the interception ceases immediately on |
|
termination of the life-threatening situation; |
|
(6) an officer, employee, or agent of the Federal |
|
Communications Commission intercepts a communication transmitted |
|
by radio or discloses or uses an intercepted communication in the |
|
normal course of employment and in the discharge of the monitoring |
|
responsibilities exercised by the Federal Communications |
|
Commission in the enforcement of Chapter 5, Title 47, United States |
|
Code; |
|
(7) a person intercepts or obtains access to an |
|
electronic communication that was made through an electronic |
|
communication system that is configured to permit the communication |
|
to be readily accessible to the general public; |
|
(8) a person intercepts radio communication, other |
|
than a cordless telephone communication that is transmitted between |
|
a cordless telephone handset and a base unit, that is transmitted: |
|
(A) by a station for the use of the general |
|
public; |
|
(B) to ships, aircraft, vehicles, or persons in |
|
distress; |
|
(C) by a governmental, law enforcement, civil |
|
defense, private land mobile, or public safety communications |
|
system that is readily accessible to the general public, unless the |
|
radio communication is transmitted by a law enforcement |
|
representative to or from a mobile data terminal; |
|
(D) by a station operating on an authorized |
|
frequency within the bands allocated to the amateur, citizens band, |
|
or general mobile radio services; or |
|
(E) by a marine or aeronautical communications |
|
system; |
|
(9) a person intercepts a wire or electronic |
|
communication the transmission of which causes harmful |
|
interference to a lawfully operating station or consumer electronic |
|
equipment, to the extent necessary to identify the source of the |
|
interference; |
|
(10) a user of the same frequency intercepts a radio |
|
communication made through a system that uses frequencies monitored |
|
by individuals engaged in the provision or the use of the system, if |
|
the communication is not scrambled or encrypted; or |
|
(11) a provider of an electronic communications |
|
service records the fact that a wire or electronic communication |
|
was initiated or completed in order to protect the provider, |
|
another provider furnishing service towards the completion of the |
|
communication, or a user of that service from fraudulent, unlawful, |
|
or abusive use of the service. |
|
(d) A person commits an offense if the person: |
|
(1) intentionally manufactures, assembles, possesses, |
|
or sells an interception [electronic, mechanical, or other] device |
|
knowing or having reason to know that the device is designed |
|
primarily for nonconsensual interception of wire, electronic, or |
|
oral communications and that the device or a component of the device |
|
has been or will be used for an unlawful purpose; or |
|
(2) places in a newspaper, magazine, handbill, or |
|
other publication an advertisement of an interception [electronic,
|
|
mechanical, or other] device: |
|
(A) knowing or having reason to know that the |
|
device is designed primarily for nonconsensual interception of |
|
wire, electronic, or oral communications; |
|
(B) promoting the use of the device for the |
|
purpose of nonconsensual interception of wire, electronic, or oral |
|
communications; or |
|
(C) knowing or having reason to know that the |
|
advertisement will promote the use of the device for the purpose of |
|
nonconsensual interception of wire, electronic, or oral |
|
communications. |
|
(e) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under |
|
Subsection (d) that the manufacture, assembly, possession, or sale |
|
of an interception [electronic, mechanical, or other] device that |
|
is designed primarily for the purpose of nonconsensual interception |
|
of wire, electronic, or oral communication is by: |
|
(1) a communication common carrier or a provider of |
|
wire or electronic communications service or an officer, agent, or |
|
employee of or a person under contract with a communication common |
|
carrier or service provider acting in the normal course of the |
|
provider's or [communication] carrier's business; |
|
(2) an officer, agent, or employee of a person under |
|
contract with, bidding on contracts with, or doing business with |
|
the United States or this state acting in the normal course of the |
|
activities of the United States or this state; |
|
(3) a member of the Department of Public Safety who is |
|
specifically trained to install wire, oral, or electronic |
|
communications intercept equipment; or |
|
(4) a member of a local law enforcement agency that has |
|
an established unit specifically designated to respond to and deal |
|
with life-threatening situations. |
|
(e-1) It is a defense to prosecution under Subsection (d)(1) |
|
that the interception [electronic, mechanical, or other] device is |
|
possessed by a person authorized to possess the device under |
|
Section 500.008, Government Code, or Section 242.103, Human |
|
Resources Code. |
|
SECTION 2.02. Sections 16.03(b) and (c), Penal Code, are |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) In this section: |
|
(1) "Authorized"[, "authorized] peace officer," |
|
["communications common carrier,"] "pen register," and "trap and |
|
trace device" have the meanings assigned by Article 18B.001 |
|
[18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(2) "Communication common carrier" has the meaning |
|
assigned by Article 18A.001, Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(c) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under |
|
Subsection (a) that the actor is: |
|
(1) an officer, employee, or agent of a communication |
|
[communications] common carrier and the actor installs or uses a |
|
device or equipment to record a number dialed from or to a telephone |
|
instrument in the normal course of business of the carrier for |
|
purposes of: |
|
(A) protecting property or services provided by |
|
the carrier; or |
|
(B) assisting another who the actor reasonably |
|
believes to be a peace officer authorized to install or use a pen |
|
register or trap and trace device under Chapter 18B [Article
|
|
18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure; |
|
(2) an officer, employee, or agent of a lawful |
|
enterprise and the actor installs or uses a device or equipment |
|
while engaged in an activity that: |
|
(A) is a necessary incident to the rendition of |
|
service or to the protection of property of or services provided by |
|
the enterprise; and |
|
(B) is not made for the purpose of gathering |
|
information for a law enforcement agency or private investigative |
|
agency, other than information related to the theft of |
|
communication or information services provided by the enterprise; |
|
or |
|
(3) a person authorized to install or use a pen |
|
register or trap and trace device under Chapter 18B [Article
|
|
18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 2.03. Sections 16.04(a) and (e), Penal Code, are |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) In this section: |
|
(1) "Electronic[, "electronic] communication," |
|
["electronic storage,"] "user," and "wire communication" have the |
|
meanings assigned by [to those terms in] Article 18A.001 [18.21], |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(2) "Electronic storage" has the meaning assigned by |
|
Article 18B.001, Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(e) It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under |
|
Subsection (b) that the conduct was authorized by: |
|
(1) the provider of the wire or electronic |
|
communications service; |
|
(2) the user of the wire or electronic communications |
|
service; |
|
(3) the addressee or intended recipient of the wire or |
|
electronic communication; or |
|
(4) Chapter 18B [Article 18.21], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure. |
|
SECTION 2.04. Section 16.05(a), Penal Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(a) In this section, "electronic [communication,"
|
|
"electronic] communications service" has [service," and
|
|
"electronic communications system" have] the meaning assigned by |
|
[meanings given those terms in] Article 18A.001 [18.20], Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure. |
|
ARTICLE 3. OTHER CONFORMING AMENDMENTS FOR ARTICLES 18.20 AND |
|
18.21, CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE |
|
SECTION 3.01. Section 71.0083(b), Agriculture Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) An agriculture warrant may be issued only by a |
|
magistrate authorized to issue a search warrant under Chapter 18, |
|
18A, or 18B, Code of Criminal Procedure, only after the department |
|
has exercised reasonable efforts to obtain consent to conduct a |
|
search, and on application by the department accompanied by a |
|
supporting affidavit that establishes probable cause for the |
|
issuance of the warrant. The warrant must describe: |
|
(1) the street address and municipality or the parcel |
|
number and county of each place or premises subject to the warrant; |
|
and |
|
(2) each type of plant pest or disease that is the |
|
subject of the warrant. |
|
SECTION 3.02. Section 123.001(2), Civil Practice and |
|
Remedies Code, is amended to read as follows: |
|
(2) "Interception" means the aural acquisition of the |
|
contents of a communication through the use of an interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] device that is made without the |
|
consent of a party to the communication, but does not include the |
|
ordinary use of: |
|
(A) a telephone or telegraph instrument or |
|
facility or telephone and telegraph equipment; |
|
(B) a hearing aid designed to correct subnormal |
|
hearing to not better than normal; |
|
(C) a radio, television, or other wireless |
|
receiver; or |
|
(D) a cable system that relays a public wireless |
|
broadcast from a common antenna to a receiver. |
|
SECTION 3.03. Article 18.02(b), Code of Criminal Procedure, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) For purposes of Subsection (a)(13): |
|
(1) "Electronic communication" [, "electronic
|
|
communication," "electronic storage,"] and "wire communication" |
|
have the meanings assigned by Article 18A.001. |
|
(2) "Electronic [18.20, and "electronic] customer |
|
data" and "electronic storage" have [has] the meanings [meaning] |
|
assigned by Article 18B.001 [18.21]. |
|
SECTION 3.04. Article 18.0215(d), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, is amended to read as follows: |
|
(d) Notwithstanding any other law, a peace officer may |
|
search a cellular telephone or other wireless communications device |
|
without a warrant if: |
|
(1) the owner or possessor of the telephone or device |
|
consents to the search; |
|
(2) the telephone or device is reported stolen by the |
|
owner or possessor; or |
|
(3) the officer reasonably believes that: |
|
(A) the telephone or device is in the possession |
|
of a fugitive from justice for whom an arrest warrant has been |
|
issued for committing a felony offense; or |
|
(B) there exists an immediate life-threatening |
|
situation, as defined by [Section 1,] Article 18A.201 [18.20]. |
|
SECTION 3.05. Article 18.04, Code of Criminal Procedure, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
Art. 18.04. CONTENTS OF WARRANT. A search warrant issued |
|
under this chapter, Chapter 18A, or Chapter 18B shall be sufficient |
|
if it contains the following requisites: |
|
(1) that it run in the name of "The State of Texas"; |
|
(2) that it identify, as near as may be, that which is |
|
to be seized and name or describe, as near as may be, the person, |
|
place, or thing to be searched; |
|
(3) that it command any peace officer of the proper |
|
county to search forthwith the person, place, or thing named; |
|
(4) that it be dated and signed by the magistrate; and |
|
(5) that the magistrate's name appear in clearly |
|
legible handwriting or in typewritten form with the magistrate's |
|
signature. |
|
SECTION 3.06. Article 18.06(a), Code of Criminal Procedure, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) A peace officer to whom a search warrant is delivered |
|
shall execute the warrant without delay and forthwith return the |
|
warrant to the proper magistrate. A search warrant issued under |
|
[Section 5A,] Article 18B.354 [18.21,] must be executed in the |
|
manner provided by Article 18B.355 [that section] not later than |
|
the 11th day after the date of issuance. In all other cases, a |
|
search warrant must be executed within three days from the time of |
|
its issuance. A warrant issued under this chapter, Chapter 18A, or |
|
Chapter 18B shall be executed within a shorter period if so directed |
|
in the warrant by the magistrate. |
|
SECTION 3.07. Articles 18.07(a) and (b), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, are amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) The period allowed for the execution of a search |
|
warrant, exclusive of the day of its issuance and of the day of its |
|
execution, is: |
|
(1) 15 whole days if the warrant is issued solely to |
|
search for and seize specimens from a specific person for DNA |
|
analysis and comparison, including blood and saliva samples; |
|
(2) 10 whole days if the warrant is issued under |
|
[Section 5A,] Article 18B.354 [18.21]; or |
|
(3) three whole days if the warrant is issued for a |
|
purpose other than that described by Subdivision (1) or (2). |
|
(b) The magistrate issuing a search warrant under this |
|
chapter, Chapter 18A, or Chapter 18B shall endorse on the search |
|
warrant the date and hour of its issuance. |
|
SECTION 3.08. Section 54.978(e), Government Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(e) In this subsection, ["pen register,"] "ESN reader," |
|
"pen register," and "trap and trace device" [device," and "mobile
|
|
tracking device"] have the meanings assigned by Article 18B.001 |
|
[Section 18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure, and "mobile tracking |
|
device" has the meaning assigned by Article 18B.201, Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure. A magistrate may: |
|
(1) notwithstanding [Section 2(a),] Article 18B.051 |
|
or 18B.052 [18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure, issue an order |
|
under Subchapter C, Chapter 18B [Section 2, Article 18.21], Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure, for the installation and use of: |
|
(A) a pen register; |
|
(B) an ESN reader; |
|
(C) a trap and trace device; or |
|
(D) equipment that combines the function of a pen |
|
register and a trap and trace device; |
|
(2) issue an order to obtain access to stored |
|
communications under [Section 5,] Article 18B.352 [18.21], Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure; and |
|
(3) notwithstanding [Section 14(a),] Article |
|
18B.203(a) [18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure, issue an order for |
|
the installation and use of a mobile tracking device under |
|
Subchapter E, Chapter 18B [Section 14, Article 18.21], Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 3.09. Section 421.004, Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
Sec. 421.004. PROVISIONS GOVERNING MOBILE TRACKING |
|
DEVICES. In the event of a conflict between Subchapter E, Chapter |
|
18B [Section 14, Article 18.21], Code of Criminal Procedure, and |
|
this chapter or a rule adopted under this chapter, Subchapter E, |
|
Chapter 18B [Section 14, Article 18.21], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, controls. |
|
SECTION 3.10. Section 493.0191, Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
Sec. 493.0191. ADMINISTRATIVE SUBPOENAS. (a) The |
|
inspector general may issue an administrative subpoena to a |
|
communication [communications] common carrier or an electronic |
|
communications service provider to compel the production of the |
|
carrier's or service provider's business records that: |
|
(1) disclose information about: |
|
(A) the carrier's or service provider's |
|
customers; or |
|
(B) users of the services offered by the carrier |
|
or service provider; and |
|
(2) are material to a criminal investigation of an |
|
escape or a potential escape or a violation of Section 38.11, Penal |
|
Code. |
|
(b) In this section: |
|
(1) "Communication ["Communications] common carrier" |
|
means a person that: |
|
(A) for a fee, provides directly to the public or |
|
to certain members of the public the ability to transmit between or |
|
among points specified by the person who uses that ability, |
|
regardless of the technology used, information of the person's |
|
choosing without change in the form or content of the information |
|
transmitted; or |
|
(B) is a provider that bills customers for |
|
services described by Paragraph (A). |
|
(2) "Electronic communications service provider" |
|
means a service provider that provides to users of the service the |
|
ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications, as |
|
those terms are defined by Article 18A.001 [18.20], Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 3.11. Sections 500.008(a) and (b), Government Code, |
|
are amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) The department may own and the office of inspector |
|
general may possess, install, operate, or monitor an interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] device, as defined by Article |
|
18A.001 [18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(b) The inspector general shall designate in writing the |
|
commissioned officers of the office of inspector general who are |
|
authorized to possess, install, operate, and monitor interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] devices for the department. |
|
SECTION 3.12. Section 242.841(2), Health and Safety Code, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(2) "Electronic monitoring device": |
|
(A) includes: |
|
(i) video surveillance cameras installed in |
|
the room of a resident; and |
|
(ii) audio devices installed in the room of |
|
a resident designed to acquire communications or other sounds |
|
occurring in the room; and |
|
(B) does not include an interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] device that is specifically used |
|
for the nonconsensual interception of wire or electronic |
|
communications. |
|
SECTION 3.13. Section 242.842(c), Health and Safety Code, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(c) A communication or other sound acquired by an audio |
|
electronic monitoring device installed under the provisions of this |
|
subchapter concerning authorized electronic monitoring is not |
|
considered to be: |
|
(1) an oral communication as defined by [Section 1,] |
|
Article 18A.001 [18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure; or |
|
(2) a communication as defined by Section 123.001, |
|
Civil Practice and Remedies Code. |
|
SECTION 3.14. Section 555.151(2), Health and Safety Code, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(2) "Electronic monitoring device": |
|
(A) includes: |
|
(i) video surveillance cameras installed in |
|
a resident's room; and |
|
(ii) audio devices installed in a |
|
resident's room designed to acquire communications or other sounds |
|
occurring in the room; and |
|
(B) does not include an interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] device that is specifically used |
|
for the nonconsensual interception of wire or electronic |
|
communications. |
|
SECTION 3.15. Section 555.152(c), Health and Safety Code, |
|
is amended to read as follows: |
|
(c) A communication or other sound acquired by an audio |
|
electronic monitoring device installed under the provisions of this |
|
subchapter concerning authorized electronic monitoring is not |
|
considered to be: |
|
(1) an oral communication as defined by [Section 1,] |
|
Article 18A.001 [18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure; or |
|
(2) a communication as defined by Section 123.001, |
|
Civil Practice and Remedies Code. |
|
SECTION 3.16. Sections 242.103(a) and (b), Human Resources |
|
Code, are amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) The department may own and the office of the inspector |
|
general may possess, install, operate, or monitor an interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] device, as defined by Article |
|
18A.001 [18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(b) The inspector general shall designate in writing the |
|
commissioned officers of the office of inspector general who are |
|
authorized to possess, install, operate, and monitor interception |
|
[electronic, mechanical, or other] devices for the department. |
|
SECTION 3.17. Section 33.01(3), Penal Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(3) "Communication ["Communications] common carrier" |
|
means a person who owns or operates a telephone system in this state |
|
that includes equipment or facilities for the conveyance, |
|
transmission, or reception of communications and who receives |
|
compensation from persons who use that system. |
|
SECTION 3.18. Section 33.03, Penal Code, is amended to read |
|
as follows: |
|
Sec. 33.03. DEFENSES. It is an affirmative defense to |
|
prosecution under Section 33.02 that the actor was an officer, |
|
employee, or agent of a communication [communications] common |
|
carrier or electric utility and committed the proscribed act or |
|
acts in the course of employment while engaged in an activity that |
|
is a necessary incident to the rendition of service or to the |
|
protection of the rights or property of the communication |
|
[communications] common carrier or electric utility. |
|
SECTION 3.19. Section 38.11(k), Penal Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
(k) A person commits an offense if, with the intent to |
|
provide to or make a cellular telephone or other wireless |
|
communications device or a component of one of those devices |
|
available for use by a person in the custody of a correctional |
|
facility, the person: |
|
(1) acquires a cellular telephone or other wireless |
|
communications device or a component of one of those devices to be |
|
delivered to the person in custody; |
|
(2) provides a cellular telephone or other wireless |
|
communications device or a component of one of those devices to |
|
another person for delivery to the person in custody; or |
|
(3) makes a payment to a communication common carrier, |
|
as defined by Article 18A.001 [18.20], Code of Criminal Procedure, |
|
or to any communication service that provides to its users the |
|
ability to send or receive wire or electronic communications. |
|
ARTICLE 4. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS FOR CHAPTERS 60 AND 61, CODE OF |
|
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE |
|
SECTION 4.01. Article 2.021, Code of Criminal Procedure, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
Art. 2.021. DUTIES OF ATTORNEY GENERAL. The attorney |
|
general may offer to a county or district attorney the assistance of |
|
the attorney general's office in the prosecution of an offense |
|
described by Article 66.102(h) [60.051(g)] the victim of which is |
|
younger than 17 years of age at the time the offense is committed. |
|
On request of a county or district attorney, the attorney general |
|
shall assist in the prosecution of an offense described by Article |
|
66.102(h) [60.051(g)] the victim of which is younger than 17 years |
|
of age at the time the offense is committed. For purposes of this |
|
article, assistance includes investigative, technical, and |
|
litigation assistance of the attorney general's office. |
|
SECTION 4.02. Section 1, Article 42.01, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, is amended to read as follows: |
|
Sec. 1. A judgment is the written declaration of the court |
|
signed by the trial judge and entered of record showing the |
|
conviction or acquittal of the defendant. The sentence served |
|
shall be based on the information contained in the judgment. The |
|
judgment shall reflect: |
|
1. The title and number of the case; |
|
2. That the case was called and the parties appeared, |
|
naming the attorney for the state, the defendant, and the attorney |
|
for the defendant, or, where a defendant is not represented by |
|
counsel, that the defendant knowingly, intelligently, and |
|
voluntarily waived the right to representation by counsel; |
|
3. The plea or pleas of the defendant to the offense |
|
charged; |
|
4. Whether the case was tried before a jury or a jury |
|
was waived; |
|
5. The submission of the evidence, if any; |
|
6. In cases tried before a jury that the jury was |
|
charged by the court; |
|
7. The verdict or verdicts of the jury or the finding |
|
or findings of the court; |
|
8. In the event of a conviction that the defendant is |
|
adjudged guilty of the offense as found by the verdict of the jury |
|
or the finding of the court, and that the defendant be punished in |
|
accordance with the jury's verdict or the court's finding as to the |
|
proper punishment; |
|
9. In the event of conviction where death or any |
|
punishment is assessed that the defendant be sentenced to death, a |
|
term of confinement or community supervision, or to pay a fine, as |
|
the case may be; |
|
10. In the event of conviction where the imposition of |
|
sentence is suspended and the defendant is placed on community |
|
supervision, setting forth the punishment assessed, the length of |
|
community supervision, and the conditions of community |
|
supervision; |
|
11. In the event of acquittal that the defendant be |
|
discharged; |
|
12. The county and court in which the case was tried |
|
and, if there was a change of venue in the case, the name of the |
|
county in which the prosecution was originated; |
|
13. The offense or offenses for which the defendant |
|
was convicted; |
|
14. The date of the offense or offenses and degree of |
|
offense for which the defendant was convicted; |
|
15. The term of sentence; |
|
16. The date judgment is entered; |
|
17. The date sentence is imposed; |
|
18. The date sentence is to commence and any credit for |
|
time served; |
|
19. The terms of any order entered pursuant to Article |
|
42.08 that the defendant's sentence is to run cumulatively or |
|
concurrently with another sentence or sentences; |
|
20. The terms of any plea bargain; |
|
21. Affirmative findings entered pursuant to Article |
|
42A.054(c) or (d); |
|
22. The terms of any fee payment ordered under Article |
|
42.151; |
|
23. The defendant's thumbprint taken in accordance |
|
with Article 38.33; |
|
24. In the event that the judge orders the defendant to |
|
repay a reward or part of a reward under Articles 37.073 and 42.152, |
|
a statement of the amount of the payment or payments required to be |
|
made; |
|
25. In the event that the court orders restitution to |
|
be paid to the victim, a statement of the amount of restitution |
|
ordered and: |
|
(A) the name and address of a person or agency |
|
that will accept and forward restitution payments to the victim; or |
|
(B) if the court specifically elects to have |
|
payments made directly to the crime victim, the name and permanent |
|
address of the victim at the time of judgment; |
|
26. In the event that a presentence investigation is |
|
required by Subchapter F, Chapter 42A, a statement that the |
|
presentence investigation was done according to the applicable |
|
provision; |
|
27. In the event of conviction of an offense for which |
|
registration as a sex offender is required under Chapter 62, a |
|
statement that the registration requirement of that chapter applies |
|
to the defendant and a statement of the age of the victim of the |
|
offense; |
|
28. The defendant's state identification number |
|
required by Article 66.152(a)(2) [Section 60.052(a)(2)], if that |
|
number has been assigned at the time of the judgment; and |
|
29. The incident number required by Article |
|
66.152(a)(4) [Section 60.052(a)(4)], if that number has been |
|
assigned at the time of the judgment. |
|
SECTION 4.03. Article 42A.507(a), Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, is amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) This article applies only to a defendant who: |
|
(1) is identified as a member of a criminal street gang |
|
in an intelligence database established under Chapter 67 [61]; and |
|
(2) has two or more times been previously convicted |
|
of, or received a grant of deferred adjudication community |
|
supervision or another functionally equivalent form of community |
|
supervision or probation for, a felony offense under the laws of |
|
this state, another state, or the United States. |
|
SECTION 4.04. Section 3(b), Article 55.02, Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure, is amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) The order of expunction entered by the court shall have |
|
attached and incorporate by reference a copy of the judgment of |
|
acquittal and shall include: |
|
(1) the following information on the person who is the |
|
subject of the expunction order: |
|
(A) full name; |
|
(B) sex; |
|
(C) race; |
|
(D) date of birth; |
|
(E) driver's license number; and |
|
(F) social security number; |
|
(2) the offense charged against the person who is the |
|
subject of the expunction order; |
|
(3) the date the person who is the subject of the |
|
expunction order was arrested; |
|
(4) the case number and court of offense; and |
|
(5) the tracking incident number (TRN) assigned to the |
|
individual incident of arrest under Article 66.251(b)(1) |
|
[60.07(b)(1)] by the Department of Public Safety. |
|
SECTION 4.05. Section 58.111, Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 58.111. LOCAL DATA ADVISORY BOARDS. The commissioners |
|
court of each county may create a local data advisory board to |
|
perform the same duties relating to the juvenile justice |
|
information system as the duties performed by a local data advisory |
|
board in relation to the criminal history record system under |
|
Article 66.354 [60.09], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.06. Section 58.202, Family Code, is amended to |
|
read as follows: |
|
Sec. 58.202. EXEMPTED RECORDS. The following records are |
|
exempt from this subchapter: |
|
(1) sex offender registration records maintained by |
|
the department or a local law enforcement agency under Chapter 62, |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure; and |
|
(2) records relating to a criminal combination or |
|
criminal street gang maintained by the department or a local law |
|
enforcement agency under Chapter 67 [61], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.07. Section 411.048(a)(1), Government Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(1) "Criminal justice agency" has the meaning assigned |
|
by Article 66.001 [60.01], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.08. Section 411.048(g), Government Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(g) An individual who is the subject of information |
|
collected under this section may request that the director, the |
|
director's designee, or a court review the information to determine |
|
whether the information complies with rules adopted by the |
|
director. The review shall be conducted using the same procedure |
|
for reviewing criminal information collected under Chapter 67 [61], |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.09. Section 411.0601, Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
Sec. 411.0601. DEFINITION. In this subchapter, "criminal |
|
justice agency" has the meaning assigned by Article 66.001 [60.01], |
|
Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.10. Section 411.082(1), Government Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(1) "Administration of criminal justice" has the |
|
meaning assigned by Article 66.001 [60.01], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.11. Section 493.0155, Government Code, is amended |
|
to read as follows: |
|
Sec. 493.0155. PROPER IDENTIFICATION OF INMATES USING |
|
ALIAS. On receipt of information from the Department of Public |
|
Safety under Article 66.105 [60.19], Code of Criminal Procedure, |
|
that a person's identifying information may have been falsely used |
|
by an inmate as the inmate's identifying information, regardless of |
|
whether the inmate is in the custody of the department, is serving a |
|
period of supervised release, or has been discharged, the |
|
department shall: |
|
(1) make a reasonable effort to identify the inmate's |
|
actual identity; and |
|
(2) take action to ensure that any information |
|
maintained in the department's records and files regarding the |
|
inmate reflects the inmate's use of the person's identity as a |
|
stolen alias and refers to available information concerning the |
|
inmate's actual identity. |
|
SECTION 4.12. Section 508.227(a), Government Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(a) This section applies only to a releasee who: |
|
(1) is identified as a member of a criminal street gang |
|
in an intelligence database established under Chapter 67 [61], Code |
|
of Criminal Procedure; and |
|
(2) has three or more times been convicted of, or |
|
received a grant of deferred adjudication community supervision or |
|
another functionally equivalent form of community supervision or |
|
probation for, a felony offense under the laws of this state, |
|
another state, or the United States. |
|
SECTION 4.13. Section 509.004(b), Government Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) The division shall develop an automated tracking system |
|
that: |
|
(1) is capable of receiving tracking data from |
|
community supervision and corrections departments' caseload |
|
management and accounting systems; |
|
(2) is capable of tracking the defendant and the |
|
sentencing event at which the defendant was placed on community |
|
supervision by name, arrest charge code, and incident number; |
|
(3) provides the division with the statistical data it |
|
needs to support budget requests and satisfy requests for |
|
information; and |
|
(4) is compatible with the requirements of Chapter 66 |
|
[60], Code of Criminal Procedure, and the information systems used |
|
by the institutional division and the pardons and paroles division |
|
of the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. |
|
SECTION 4.14. Section 244.003(b), Human Resources Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) Except as provided by Section 243.051(c), these records |
|
and all other information concerning a child, including personally |
|
identifiable information, are not public and are available only |
|
according to the provisions of Section 58.005, Family Code, Section |
|
244.051 of this code, and Chapter 67 [61], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.15. Section 109.001(1), Occupations Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(1) "Administration of criminal justice" and |
|
"criminal justice agency" have the meanings assigned by Article |
|
66.001 [60.01], Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.16. Section 160.101(b), Occupations Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(b) Not later than the 30th day after the date a person |
|
described by Subsection (a) is convicted of an offense listed in |
|
that subsection or is placed on deferred adjudication for an |
|
offense listed in that subsection, the clerk of the court in which |
|
the person is convicted or placed on deferred adjudication shall |
|
prepare and forward to the Department of Public Safety the |
|
information required by Chapter 66 [60], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure. |
|
SECTION 4.17. Section 521.061(e), Transportation Code, is |
|
amended to read as follows: |
|
(e) In this section, "criminal justice agency" has the |
|
meaning assigned by Article 66.001 [60.01], Code of Criminal |
|
Procedure. |
|
ARTICLE 5. REPEALER |
|
SECTION 5.01. The following provisions of the Code of |
|
Criminal Procedure are repealed: |
|
(1) Article 18.20; |
|
(2) Article 18.21; |
|
(3) Chapter 60; and |
|
(4) Chapter 61. |
|
ARTICLE 6. GENERAL MATTERS |
|
SECTION 6.01. This Act is enacted under Section 43, Article |
|
III, Texas Constitution. This Act is intended as a codification |
|
only, and no substantive change in the law is intended by this Act. |
|
SECTION 6.02. (a) Chapter 311, Government Code (Code |
|
Construction Act), applies to the construction of each provision in |
|
the Code of Criminal Procedure that is enacted under Section 43, |
|
Article III, Texas Constitution (authorizing the continuing |
|
statutory revision program), in the same manner as to a code enacted |
|
under the continuing statutory revision program, except as |
|
otherwise expressly provided by the Code of Criminal Procedure. |
|
(b) A reference in a law to a statute or a part of a statute |
|
in the Code of Criminal Procedure enacted under Section 43, Article |
|
III, Texas Constitution (authorizing the continuing statutory |
|
revision program), is considered to be a reference to the part of |
|
that code that revises that statute or part of that statute. |
|
SECTION 6.03. This Act takes effect January 1, 2019. |
|
|
|
______________________________ |
______________________________ |
|
President of the Senate |
Speaker of the House |
|
|
|
I certify that H.B. No. 2931 was passed by the House on May 3, |
|
2017, by the following vote: Yeas 144, Nays 0, 2 present, not |
|
voting. |
|
|
|
______________________________ |
|
Chief Clerk of the House |
|
|
|
I certify that H.B. No. 2931 was passed by the Senate on May |
|
24, 2017, by the following vote: Yeas 31, Nays 0. |
|
|
|
______________________________ |
|
Secretary of the Senate |
|
APPROVED: _____________________ |
|
Date |
|
|
|
_____________________ |
|
Governor |